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PETROLEUM SYSTEM: RESERVOIR , SEAL & TRAP - Coggle Diagram
PETROLEUM SYSTEM: RESERVOIR , SEAL & TRAP
characteristics of reservoir
porous and permeable
ability of a fluid to pass through its porous medium
capacity of reservoir rocks to contain or store fluids (porous)
sufficient hydrocarbon accumulation
production rates
have sealing mechanism
production costs
factor affecting the volume in the reservoir
Grain size and pattern arrangement (grain arrangement can effect rock properties but not the porosity and permeability
Shape of the grains (high sphericity tend, a minimum pore space while increases angularity pore space volume increases)
Sorting or uniformity of size of the grains (the more uniform the grains are sized, the great volume of voids spaces)
compaction (the more grains are compacted, more the volume of void spaces decreases)
Characteristic of Seal & trap
seal
impermeable
commonly anticline
unfractured
most common is shale layer
where migration will stop
effectiveness of cap rock
lateral continuity (proper seal without gap or any disturbance (unconformity) )
burial depth
thickness (thick)
ductility (high)
lithology (fine grained)
trap
concave downward geometric arrangement
impermeable
anticline stratigraphic pinch out
exist in three dimension
types of traps
stratigraphic trap (changes in rock quality)
form by lithology changes
unconformity
combination trap (more than one type of trap)
structural traps (structural features that form by tectonics)
faulting and folding
must form before petroleum generation