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Aristotle - Coggle Diagram
Aristotle
Theory of State
State comes into existence for the sake of life, and continues for the sake of good life
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Theory of Slavery
Nature has made two types of persons- those who are mentally strong are masters by nature and those who are physically strong and lack courage and reason are slaves
Slavery is useful politically, economically and for the slaves themselves.
For Aristotle, slavery is not only natural but also desirable.
Criticism: "what is" should be different from "what ought to be"; no amount of utility justifies the cost of dignity of a person; each man is an end in itself; justification for colonial rhetoric.
Theory of Justice
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2 Components of Justice: Distributive and Rectificatory, both should be proportionate.
It is unjust to treat equal unequally and it is equally unjust to treat unequal equally. Related to theory of slavery.
However, contemporarily, merit is a flawed argument, as it is usually linked to opportunities.
Theory of Constitution
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Polity is the golden mean between oligarchy and democracy and is therefore the best practicable form of govt. It represents rule of middle class in the interest of the people.
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Theory of Citizenship
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Not just a legal status but duty towards the state of performing in the legislative and judicial functions of the state.
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Theory of Revolution
After analyzing 158 constitutions, he found inequality, real or imagined, to be the chief cause of revolution. Hence, the state should focus on mitigating such feelings.
Revolution can be checked by developing patriotism and civil obedience amongst the citizens and by getting rid of the causes of revolution.
For Aristotle, revolution is any change, big or small; violent or peaceful in the form of govt or change in the number of persons ruling
Theory of Property
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Individual ownership and common use is the golden mean, foundation of trusteeship.