Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Photosynthesis When light energy is converted to chemical energy -…
Photosynthesis
When light energy is converted to chemical energy
Energy
The ability to do work
Amount of energy is inversely related to the wavelength
Light comes in waves
Distance between crest in waves is called wavelength
Shorter the wavelength the more energy in the wave (more energy of each photon)
Comes from the sun
Enters living systems
Some of the energy captured in sunlight is used to make
Organic compounds
Store chemical energy and is saved as food for organisms
Organisms that make their own food from sunlight are called
Authotrophs
Like plants
Organisms that obtain energy from food they eat are
Heterotrophs
Get energy through food from the process of cellular respiration
ATP
Adenosine triphoshphate
Provides all necessary energy to live
Produced when H+ Ions diffuse through the ATP synthase
The 3 phosphate groups are the key to ATPs ability to store and release energy
Energy stored in ATP is released by breaking the chemical bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate
Energy from it is needed for many cellular activities
Used for many cellular activities
Protein synthesis
Active transport
Muscle contraction
The 3 stages of Photosynthesis
Energy is captured from sunlight
Plants capture the suns energy with light absorbing molecules called
Pigments
Absorb only certain wave lengths and reflect all other
Primary Pigment in Photosynthesis is
Chlorophyll, absorbs mostly red and blue light and reflects yellow and green light
This reflection of green and yellow light makes plants, especially their leaves look green
Plants contain 3 main types of Pigments
Chlorophyll A
2, Chlorophyll B
Carotenoids
Pigments involved in Plant Photosynthesis are located in the chloroplasts of plant cells
Light energy is converted to chemical energy stored as ATP and NADPH
These 2 steps are referred to as light dependent reaction
Light reactions
Light dependent reaction
Takes place in Thylakoid Membrane
Light independent reaction
Also known as the Calvin Cycle
Takes place in the Stroma of the Chloroplast
ATP and NADPH powers the formation of organic compounds using Carbon Dioxide
3 things needed for Photosynthesis to happen
Sunlight
Water
Carbon dioxide
3 factors affecting Photosynthesis
Water
Shortage of Water can slow or stop it
Tempature
Photosynthesis depends on enzymes
Intensity of Light
How much light is absorbed
Thylakoid
Arranged in stacks known as grana, singular granum
It organizes Chlorophyll into cluster known as
Photosystems
Two Photosystems
Photosytem II and Photosystem I
In the center of the Photosystem is the Reaction Center
Surrounding the Reaction Center is the
Light Harvesting Complexes
1 more item...
Photosynthesis begins when pigments In PS II absorbs light
The light energy is absorbed by electrons increasing their energy levels
The energy is transferred from pigment to pigment within the light harvesting complex until it is passed into the reaction center
1 more item...
Both needed for photosynthesis
The ETC takes electrons to the Photosystem I
As electrons are passed from the Photosystems H+ ions are pumped across the membrane
Pigments in PS I use energy from light to re-energize electrons
1 more item...
Stroma
Surrounding fluid inside the chloroplast
H+ ions cannot cross it directly
So it has a protein called ATP syntase
As H+ ions diffused through it ATP is produced
Calvin cycle
Plants use the energy ATP and NADPH to build high energy compounds that can be stored
It happens in the stroma
Phases of the Calvin Cycle
Carbon Fixation
CO2 molecules enter the cycle from the atmosphere gets in through stroma
Enzyme Rubisco combines RuBP with CO2
Reduction Phase
ATP and NADPH from the Thylakoid
3 Carbon molecules are formed called G3P
Regeneration Phase
Remaining 3-Carbon are converted back into 5-Carbon