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Biology 2020 - Coggle Diagram
Biology 2020
Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
It involve gametes
There is variability
Variability is better, species have better chances to evolve and survive
Humans and Animals have sexual reproduction
Womans Body:
Vagina
Path babies take during birth. Receives the penis during sexual intercourse
Cervix
Opening of the uterus
Ovary
Has ciliated cells that push the ovum towards the uterus
Oviduct
Has ciliated cells that push the ovum towards the uterus
Uterus
Muscular organ where babies develop. Its lining is shed during menstrual period
Womans have periods wich allows their body to prepare to have a baby after sexual intercourse
Asexual Reproduction
Not involvesgametes
Is faster than sexual reproduction
Not involve two animals
Meiosis
Meiosis is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information. These cells are our sex cells – sperm in males, eggs in femalesDuring meiosis one cell divides twice to form four daughter cells.These four daughter cells only have half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell – they are haploid
Mitosis
Mitosis is a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells (cell division). During mitosis one cell divides once to form two identical cells.The major purpose of mitosis is for growth and to replace worn out cells.If not corrected in time, mistakes made during mitosis can result in changes in the DNA that can potentially lead to genetic disorders
Steps:
First food enters the mouth and teeth and saliva take action
Food is pushed by peristalsis throught esofhagus to the stomach
Emulcification occures
Mucouse
Protect stomach walls of gastric acid
Pepsin
Brakes down proteins
Hydrochloric acid
Converts pepsionogen into pesin
It destroys harmful bacteria
In stomach food connverts in gastric acid and chyme (a ball of chewed food)
Bile is stored in the gollblader and added to the food in the duedenum
Villi absorb nutrients and tranfer them to the blood capilaries
Then the ilenum absorb electrolytes
It passes through the large intestine, water is absorbed and mocus is added
Finally is excrted through the anus
Nutrition
Nutrition is how food is produce
Two types of Nutrition
Autotrophic Nutrition
Autotrophic Nutrition
Autotrophic nutrition is a mode of nutrition in which an organism make his own
food with the help of some inorganic materials
Heterotrophic Nutrition
Heterotrophic nutrition Is a type of nutrition were organisms depend on other organisms for food to survive
Humans need different nutrients to be in good health, these are
Carbohydrates
To provide energy and help digest food
Fat
To provide energy, support your cell grows
Protein
To grow and develop
Vitamins
For growth, development and repair of all body tissues
Minerals
Water
Help remove toxins and waste
Major component of blood
Control body temperature
Act as lubrican
Plant reproduction
Fertilization is a process of sexual reproduction in plants
This occures after pollination
Is when the pollen and the female gammets
Plants have different techniques to make this:
Insect pollination
Some of this plant have kind of spikes in the seeds so animals transoport them from one place to another in they feet
Another technique is that animals eat the seeds and then secreate tehm far away
Wind pollination
They have very light so they go far away because of wind
In general is less effective than animal pollination because lots of seeds never arribe their destiny
Some have kind of parachutespr helicopters to let the wind take them a long distance away
Digestive system