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human body - Coggle Diagram
human body
mouth
The digestive process starts in your mouth when you chew. Your salivary glands make saliva, a digestive juice, which moistens food so it moves more easily through your esophagus into your stomach. Saliva also has an enzyme that begins to break down starches in your food.
chemical digestion begins in the mouth when food mixes with saliva. saliva contains the enzyme amylase which breaks down carbohydrates. mechanical digestion in the oral cavity consists of grinding of food into smaller pieces by the teeth.
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salivary glands
The salivary glands produce saliva, which keeps the mouth and other parts of the digestive system moist. It also helps break down carbohydrates (with salivary amylase, formerly known as ptyalin) and lubricates the passage of food down from the oro-pharynx to the esophagus to the stomach.
oesophagus
The oesophagus is a muscular tube, about 25cm long, with a sphincter (valve) at each end. Its function is to transport food and fluid, after being swallowed, from the mouth to the stomach. No absorption of nutrients takes place in the oesophagus. A mouthful of food which has been chewed and swallowed is called a bolus.
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stomach
Stomach. The stomach is a hollow organ, or "container," that holds food while it is being mixed with stomach enzymes. These enzymes continue the process of breaking down food into a usable form. Cells in the lining of the stomach secrete a strong acid and powerful enzymes that are responsible for the breakdown process.
protein digestion occurs
3 main enzymes, pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin
mucus in the stomach
is a gel mucus barrier secreted by epithelial cells and glandular cells in the stomach walls. it acts as part of a barrier that protects the stomach wall from the acid and digestive enzymes within the stomach lumen.
hydrochloric acid
in gastric juice breaks down the food and the digestive enzymes split up the proteins. the juice also kills bacteria. the mucus covers the stomach wall with a protective coating.
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gastrin
is a peptide hormone primarily responsible for enhancing gastric mucosal growth, gastric motility, and secretion of hyfrochloric acid into the stomach. it is present in the G cells of the gastic antrum and small intestine
large intestine
alkaline
water raises the ph level in the colon. hydrates the colon and removes radicals and toxins from the digestive tract. alkaline water contains magnesium, calcium and other minerals that act as a mid laxtive to help with digestion.
rectum
connects the colon to the anus. the rectums job is to recieve stool from the colon, let you know that there is a stool to be evactuated and to hold the stool until evacuation happens.