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Chapter 4: Survey of Tourism Planning & Development - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 4
: Survey of Tourism Planning & Development
4.2
:
Survey of Institutional Elements
To understand the government view of attracting
Related closely-rules & regulations government, the investment policy & institutions
Area to be surveyed
a. Present development policies & plans
Investors require to be aware of the current policies & business plans
Requires
a. Document research area
b. Discussion with government agencies & private sectors
Develop policies every 5 years or 10 years - (vision 2020, TN50, 11Malaysia Plan)
review of plan related-physical development in tourism planning (plan improved road, airports, water & electricity supply)
b. Government & tourism organizations structures
Structure, functions & staffing for tourism development corporation
Political ideologies & influences can greatly affect type & extent of tourism development.
c. Investments Policy & availability of Capital
for development projects need to be researched (joint venture, franchising)
Government incentives & investment policies required clear cut examination
for local & outside capital in tourism project.
Availability of capital resources-investigated international & local.
High capital investment are projects-water supply, roads & airports.
Hotel & major resorts-huge capital investment
loans can be made- local or internationally
d. Tourism Legislation & Regulations
Specific law related to hotel, travel agency, tour guiding services-to established.
General regulation-zoning, building construction & hygiene standards
Future area of legislation
e. Tourism education & training institutions
Existing tourism education & training programs-surveyed & evaluated (UiTM, Hong kong, Polytechnic University, Purdue University).
Manpower planning
Hotel, marketing, planning, events, guiding.
4.4
:
Survey of Markets, Facilities & Infrastructure
Essential for developing tourism destination
Tourist Market Survey
Cruise Ship Tourists
Tour Operators
General Travel Pattern & Tourism Trends
General approach
Survey of Tourist Facilities & Services
i. accepted international standards
ii. the tourist markets being aimed for
Accommodation (hotel)
Other types of accommodation (guest house & "bed & breakfast")
(Campgrounds, camping sites & rental tents & cabin)
(Caravan parks-recreational vehicle(RV)
Other services
i. Tour & travel operations
ii. Eating & drinking
iii. Tourist information
iv. Shopping & personal services
v. Money exchange & other financial services
vi. Medical facilities & services
vii. Public safety
viii. Postal services
ix. Entry & exit facilitation
x. Other facilities & services (GAS Station, Self-services laundries & food stores auto)
Survey of Transportation & Other Infrastructure
refer to those forms of construction on or below the ground-provide basic framework for effective functioning of development systems (urban areas, industry & tourism)
Major transportation provide access to country
Internal transportation system utilized
Modes of transport (air, land or water)
Air is typically primary means of access for long-haul travel
Consideration of air access facilities & services
Road, automobile & bus, rail & water access also surveyed in terms of capacities, efficiency & maintenance
Evaluation of access must be related
-location
-quality levels
-travel costs
-cost, efficiency & concenience
Survey of Other Infrastructure
National & regional level
Availability & constraints-policy recommendation for infrastructure development
Various Components
a. Water supply
b. Electric power
c. Sewage disposal
e. Telecommunication
f. Drainage
g. Employee housing & community services
4.1
:
Survey of areas characteristics
Provide background of overall understanding of an area
Provude base for specific research & analysis of the environment
Elements to be surveyed
Location
Structurally specified & mapped
Mapping-important consideration with respect to major markets
tour planning, multi destination tours & complementary tourism products development must be identified.
Natural Environment
Characteristics
a. Climate -
b. Topography
C. Wildlife & vegetation
d. Coastal & marine areas
e. Geology
f. Ecological systems
g. Natural resources areas
h. Historical influences
Social Cultural & Economic Patterns
Aspect
a. Population characteristics
b. Cultural patters
c. Economic patterns
Land Use, Settlement & Tenure Patterns
crucial for area development
Mapping pattern-value the selection of tourism development -
(industries type, designated park, recreation & conservation areas).
Land tenure-available of land for tourism development -
(private & government land, lease hold, individual ownership).
Environmental Quality
Features to be surveyed area
a. Air quality
b. Quality of domestic water supply
c. Quality of underground water
d. Noise Levels
e. Cleanliness of public place
f. Landscaping
G. Building design & maintenance
h. Urban design
i. Signs
j. Functional land use & transportation pattern
k. Congestion level
l. Open space, parks & conservation areas
m. Scenic views
n. Environmental diseases
4.3
:
Survey of Tourist Attractions & Activities
Major categories
Natural attractions
a. Climate
b. Scenic beauty
c. Beaches & marine areas
d. Flora & fauna
e. Special environmental features
f. Parks & conservation areas
g. Health tourism
Cultural attraction
a. Archeological, Historical & Cultural sites
b. Distinctive Cultural Patterns
c. Arts & Handicrafts
d. Interesting Economic Activities
e. Interesting Urban Areas
f. Museums & Other Cultural Facilities
g. Cultural Festivals
h. Friendliness of Residents
Special types of attraction
a. Theme parks, amusement parks & circuses
b. Shopping
c. Meeting, conferences & conventions
d. Special events
e. Gambling casinos
f. Entertainment
g. Recreation & sports
4.5
:
Market, Facilities & Infrastructure Analysis
General Analysis Approach
a. Market analysis
effective approach-market segmentation
Socioeconomic or demographic (education)
Product-led segmentation (facilities)
Geographic (location)
establish target markets
staging of development
b. Integrated analysis & synthesis
social & economic factors & evaluation & existing development policies & plan
integrated & synthesized
Physical elements
Characteristics of the natural environment
Significant resources areas
Land use & settlement patterns
Planned accommodation, tourist facilities & services
Planned transportation facilities & services
Major opportunities
outstanding or unique type of tourist attraction
existing tourism development
particular market segment
infrastructure
labor supply
Major constraints
air routing
visa & travel facilitation
negative environmental or social impacts
poor market image
limited number of existing tourist attractions
poor quality existing accommodation
c. Analysis of the institutional elements