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s18 and s29 - Coggle Diagram
s18 and s29
s18 misleading or deceptive conduct 从事有关业务及其货物或服务的行为和陈述
3 ways
directly to consumer
suppliers
ad newspaper
who are complaint for s18
consumer
general member of the publish
competitors firm
however, 金融行业的不适用
a person must not in trade or commerce, engage in conduct that is misleading or deceptive
person: include natural and legal entity（公司是一个独立的legal entity）雇主需对雇员负责
trade or commerce:公司的行为对个人具有贸易性和商业性
making goods and serivice
ad
representation during business negotiations
social media
not a trade or commerce
私人的一次性交易（O'Brien V smolonggv
political statement
private statement(个人在社交媒体上发表的言论）
content of lecture delivered by a historical research
engage: merely supply information are not engaged ,but have to know the source of information
conduct: should be read as reference to do or refusing to do
making a statement ,claim,promise
performing an act or refusing to
不仅限于word ,picture images 也可以
implied representation
can silence constitute conduct? depends on circumstance
non -disclose or silence may contravene s18
literal truth maybe misleading
truth has changed to disclose changed circumstance
没有批露预期会纰漏的情况
Henjo V Marrickville
Demagogue V Ramensky
must disclose the truth maybe misleading on the truth has changed
misleading or deceptive
how to judge:capable of leading a person into error and objective test conduct as a whole
the effect of audience
specific individual
conduct as whole
nature of the parties and transcation
Hyder V Mcgrath
public at large
identify the target audience
any dominant message
impacts
establish a societal norm of conduct
没有人希望收到伤害
关注带来的影响比目的更重要
statement for future，if turns out to be incorrect ,could be mislead
remedy for s18
injunction
damages
other orders s237
s29 misleading representation for goods and service
more specific prohibits
product(price ,benefit, nature)
reviews
ACL
strict liability
similar threshold requirment
civil penalty provision
s29 a-n