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canine lens luxation - Coggle Diagram

- - - - results in change in its refractive power to allow focusing on objects that are seen at different distances (accommodation)
- - - - depends on the altitude of IOP and time span of increase
- - - - buphthalmic (engorged) globe in glaucoma
      - intraocular haemorrhage following trauma or chronic inflammatory changes in cases of chronic uveitis
  - - - easiest seen in patients with a dilated pupil
  - - - discomfort (blepharospasm, epiphora)
      - conjunctival and deep perilimbal hyperaemia
      - miotic pupil (if not obscured by lens)
      - aqueous flare
      - corneal oedema
        
        consequence of current or previous anterior lens luxation or by an increase in IOP
- - - - 40% eyes visual after 2.7 years
    - - ultrasonic energy fragments lens into small pieces, allowing removal through a much smaller incision
      - 75% eyes visual after 2.7 years
  - - - topical prostaglandin analogues (latanoprost or travoprost)
      - by inducing a tight mitosis the lens is trapped in the posterior segment of the eye and less likely to luxate anteriorly
      - powerful anti-glaucoma drugs and might prevent or delay increase in IOP, such as 2ry glaucoma, a common sequela of lens luxation
  - - - contact lenses / 'goggles' available but hard to maintain/poorly tolerated by the dogs
    - - most dogs cope with loss of vision and use other senses to compensate. Management of blind dog should be fully discussed with owner
- - - - the moving lens may damage other intraocular tissues which may lead to blindness
- - - - topical prostaglandine analogues (travoprost, latanoprost) are contraindicated as they may worsen pupillary block and result in further increase in IOP
      - use of topical carboanhydrase inhibitors (brinzolamide, dorzolamide) recommended but IOP control often limited