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Gramsci - Coggle Diagram
Gramsci
On Intellectuals
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The role of intellectuals is to maintain the system of production by generating such values and lifestyles that perpetuate the system.
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Working class should have their own intellectuals, without mental revolution and identifying justness for their cause there are limited chances of worker's success in establishing socialism/communism.
Background
He discovered that Marx's explanation of history was inadequate as it did not take cultural factors into account. He also felt the need for modifying the strategy of revolution.
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Italian Marxist, contemporary of Mussolini. Work available as 'Prison Notebooks'.
Model of History
Gramsci held that superstructure is not just a reflection of the base but a structure in itself and it was wrong to think that superstructures change automatically.
Superstructure
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State
Helps in the perpetuation of the rule of the capitalist class. Only when civil society fails in manufacturing consent in favor of the dominant class state comes into the picture. 2 types- transparent and opaque.
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Hegemony
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For communism to flourish, it must become common sense too. A worker in capitalism doesn't want to end capitalism, he only dreams of becoming a capitalist too.
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They need to develop coalitions of classes similar to how the capitalists colluded with intellectuals, clergy and others with interests identical to theirs.