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Adrenergic Agonists - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Ex: circu shock, anaphylaxis
      - alpha 1: pressor effect
      - beta 1: cardiac support
    - - Ex: hemostasis, prolong SQ local anesth
  - - - arteriolar and venous constric (alpha)
      - inc HR and CO (beta 1)
    - - skel musc vasodil (beta 2)
    - - inc systolic and dec diastolic BP
    - - dec coronary blood flow w/ inc O2 consump + disordered impulse conduc due to myocardial Ca overloading (alpha 1, beta 1)
  - - - no effects on alpha ADR
    - - inc HR and contractil (beta 1)
    - - skel musc vasodila (beta 2)
  - - - little to no skel musc vasodila
- - - - linked to Ca
      - smooth musc (esp blood ves)
      - urethral sphincter, pupillary dilator musc
    - - dec cAMP and open neuronal K chan
      - some smooth musc, ciliary epith in eyes
      - periph and CNS neurons
  - - - phenylephrine
        
        vasoconstric
        
        inc BP w/ reflex atropine sensi bradycardia
        
        indications
        
        hypotension
        
        facil eye exams
        
        mydriasis w/o cycloplegia
      - phenylpropanolamine (proin)
        
        promotes NE release
        
        causes inc tone of urethral sphincter
        
        dec urination and urine leakage
        
        indications: urinary incontinence
        
        contraindications: pre-existing hypertension or heart dz
    - - dexmedetomidine (doitor), xylazine (rompun)
        
        hypotension and bradycardia
        
        dec central sympa output and inc vagal tone
        
        can cause transient inc in BP via local vasoconstric if given as rapid IV bolus
        
        indications
        
        vom (esp in cats)
        
        noise aversion in dogs
        
        vet anesthesia
      - brimonidine (alphagan)
        
        reduce intraocular P to treat glaucoma
        
        dec produc of aq humor
        
        inc drainage of aq humor
  - - - bradycardia and cardiac arrhythmias
      - alpha 2: hypotension
      - alpha 1: hypertension
    - - alpha 1
        
        tremor, agitation, seizures
      - alpha 2
        
        dec sympa outflow, depression, ataxia
- - - - inc cAMP and beta arrestin
      - heart, fat c, kidneys, ciliary epith
    - - inc cAMP and beta arrestin
      - smooth musc (airways), GI, skel musc, vascu, liver
    - - inc cAMP
      - fat c
  - - - reflex tachycardia
    - - leads to hypokalemia
    - - agitation
    - - hyperglycemia then hypoglycemia
  - - - isoproterenol
        
        bronchidil: relax bronchioles
        
        relieve cardiac AV block
        
        inc BP
        
        EXCESSIVE STIM CAN CAUSE CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS
    - - dobutamine
        
        inc cardiac contractil
        
        inc HR
        
        short lived action
        
        indications
        
        shock states, acute heart failure
        
        short term BP inc
      - inc renin release from kidneys
        
        inc angiotension
        
        inc arterial P and EFC vol
      - inc lipolysis of fat c
    - - albuterol (SA) and clenbuterol (LA)
        
        relax bronchial, uterine and vasc smooth musc
        
        indications
        
        brochodila for heaves, anaphylaxis, bronchospasm or obstructive airway dz
        
        relax uterus in cows before labor
      - inc glycogenolysis in liver
      - inc glucagon release from pancreas
    - - ractopamine (paylean) and zilpaterol (zilmax)
        
        inc lipolysis --> inc free fatty acids
        
        inc skel musc blood flow --> inc O2 and nutri to skel musc
- - - - alpha 1: phenylephrine
      - alpha 2
        
        CNS: dexmatomidine, xylazine
        
        eye: brimonidine
      - beta 1: dobutamine, isoproterenol
      - beta 2: albuterol, clenbuterol, isoproterenol
  - - - stim NE release
        
        amphetamines: phenylpropanolamine (PPA, proin)
      - inhib NE reuptake via NE transporter (NET)
        
        tricyclic antidepressants: clomipramine (clomicalm)
      - inhib NE brkdn by monoamine brkdn by monoamine oxidase (MAO)
        
        MAO inhib: selegiline