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Microbes in Human Welfare - Household and Industrial - Coggle Diagram
Microbes in Human Welfare - Household and Industrial
HOUSE
Cheese
Swiss cheese with large holes is produced by Propionibacterium shermanii.
Holes are created due to the production of large amount of CO2 by this bacterium.
Roquefort cheese are ripened by growing a specific fungi, Penicillium roquefortii on them, which gives them a particular flavour.
Curd
Microorganisms like Lactobacillus and others commonly called Lactic Acid Bacteria grow in milk and convert it into curd.
LAB improve the nutritional quality by increasing vitamin-B12 content of the curd.
LAB also play a very beneficial role in checking disease causing microbes in our stomach.
A starter called inoculum which contains millions of LAB is added to milk which turns it into curd.
During growth, LAB produce acids that coagulate and partially digest the milk proteins. Thus, converting milk to curd.
HOUSE
Bread
Traditional Drinks
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used in the production of alcoholic beverages from malted cereals and fruit juices.
Industry
Fermented Beverages
Microbes especially yeasts are used for the production of beverages like wine , beer , whisky , brandy or rum
Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( brewer's yeast ) used for fermenting malted cereals and fruit juices , to produce ethanol
Different drinks are prepared depending on the type of raw material used and type of processing ( with or without distillation )
Antibiotics
First ever antibiotic was discovered by Alexander Fleming while working on Staphylococci bacteria bacteria , the chemical that retarded its growth was named Penicillin after the mould Penicillium notatum
Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by some microorganisms and can kill or retard the growth of other disease causing microbes
Its full potential as an effective antibiotic was established much later by Ernest Chain & Howard Florey , they were awarded the Nobel prize in 1945 for their discovery .
Industry
Chemicals ,enzymes,Bioactive molecules
ACID PRODUCING MICROBES: Aspergillus niger (fungi) - citric acid, Acetobacter aceti (bacterium) - acetic acid, Clostridum butylicum (bacterium) - butyric acid, Lactobacillus (bacterium) - lactic acid
ENZYME - Lipase: detergent formulation, pectinases and protease - bottled juices, Streptokinase (Streptococcus) - clot buster
Bioactive molecules:
cyclosporin A - Trichoderma polysporum (immunosuppresive agent in organ transplant patients)
Statins - Monascus purpureus (blood-cholestrol lowering agents)