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EMPIRES OF THE MIDDLE EAST - Coggle Diagram
EMPIRES OF THE MIDDLE EAST
INCREASINGLY COMPLEX SOCIETIES
INCREASINGLY COMPLEX SOCIETIES
In the primitive hordes of hunters, composed of dozens of people, all did the
same; there were no differences among its members. In the tribes, made up of
hundreds of people, a few individuals differed from magicians, shamans, and
sorcerers who channeled myths, lies and superstitions into the unknown, gaining
influence and often becoming leaders of the tribe.
THE STATES AND THE EMPIRES
HE STATES AND THE EMPIRES
An ancient state was a political organization, or power of organization that
controlled a territory and a subordinated population. The states established a
city like a capital.
The archeologists had found that the first states appeared between
4000 and 3000 B.C., in the IV millennium exactly where the intensive
develop of agriculture had been taken, to the west of actual Iran, in
Mesopotamia, and in Egypt too.
THE FIRST EMPIRE IN THE HUMANITY
Sumerian, situated to the south of
the old Mesopotamia was the first
and the oldest civilization of the
world. Emerged from settlements
that were unified under military
leaders, such as Lugalzagesi,
Sagon of Acad, Ur-Nammu and
Hammurabi, which we have
already mentioned.
Its agricultural wealth was based
on the control of the technology of
periodic floods of the two rivers in
the middle of which settled their fields and cities, through a system of dikes, ponds
and channels for the irrigation. Numerous Sumerian cities stood out Babylon, its
capital, the largest in the world for a thousand years.
In addition to writing, develop fundamental inventions to the history of humanity, like:
In wood: screw pump (to raise water to very
high ground), wheel, potter's wheel, wooden
and fur canoes, sailing boats, and rowing
boats.
THE EGYPT OF THE PHARAONS
Around the Nile, an empire that unified under
the authority of a single king, called the
pharaoh, came to the people that inhabited
from Sahara Desert to the Sinai Peninsula by
3100 BC.
The Egyptian culture developed the
hieroglyphs as a form of writing, until today
some of the pyramids remain, tombs of
pharaohs made by their successors to reinforce their intended divine character.
Thousands of thousands of slaves built them, to deposit in their interior, in chambers
and secret passages, the mummified bodies