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CHAPTER 3: LEVELS AND ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVE IN TOURISM PLANNING AND…
CHAPTER 3: LEVELS AND ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVE IN TOURISM PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
Tourism planning is prepared at various levels, with each level focusing on a different degree of specificity.
INTERNATIONAL
international transportation services
the flow and tour programming of tourists among different countries
complementary development of major attraction features & facilities in
nearby countries.
multi-country marketing strategies & promotion programs
Some limited tourism planning, marketing & cooperative activities
The major general purpose global tourism organization is the WTO
An inter-governmental organization, the WTO has been designated by the United Nation.
The international planning level is rather weak because it depends on the cooperation of individual countries
Nonetheless, it is important for special function activities
receiving encouragement from international agencies through their sponsorship of tourism projects.
NATIONAL
National tourism planning reviews the tourism development plans for a country as a whole, but often includes specific objectives.
This level plans social and cultural macro development.
to integrate tourism planning into overall economic development
to measure the economic impact of tourist activities
The national level of tourism planning is focused on several elements:
Tourism policy
A physical structure plan including identification of major tourist attractions
Other major infrastructure considerations
The general amount, types and quality level of accommodation and other tourist facilities and services required.
The major tour routes in the country and their regional connections.
Tourism organizational structures, legislation and investment policies
Overall tourism marketing strategies and promotion programs.
Education and training programs
Facility development and design standards.
LOCAL
Is for one region of a country, often a state or province, or perhaps an island group
Formulated within the framework of the national tourism policy and plan (if such exist)
Is more specific than the national level, although the degree of specificity at both levels depends on the size of the country or regions.
For a small country, the national plan may be at the same level of detail as a regional plan in a larger country
And small countries may not need both national & regional planning
Regional planning focuses on the elements of:
Regional policy
Regional access and the internal transportation
network of facilities & services
Type & location of tourist attraction
Location of tourism development areas including resorts areas
Amount, type and location of tourist
accommodation and other tourist facilities and services.
Regional level environmental, socio-cultural and
economic considerations and impact analysis.
Regional level education & training programs
COMPONENTS OF TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT:
Tourist attractions & activities
Accommodation
Other tourist facilities and services
Transportation facilities & services
Other infrastructure
Institutional elements