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Metabolic syndrome - Coggle Diagram

- - - - <16
    - - 16-17.49
    - - 17.5-18.49
    - - 18.5-24.99
    - - 25.0-29.99
    - - 30-34.99
    - - 35-39.99
    - - 40<
        
        When the individual is in this stage it usually requires surgical treatments rather than traditional diet and drug based treatments that include
        
        Bariatric surgery
        
        restrictive surgery, through the gastric band
        
        procedures involving induced malabsorption , such as biliopancreatic diversion
        
        mixed treatments, such as gastric bypass
  - - - statins
      - fibrates
      - ezetimibe
      - ACE inhibitors
      - beta blockers
      - alpha blockers
      - angiotensin receptor blockers
      - calcium channel blockers
      - Diuretics
      - In advance diabetic patients
        
        insulin
        
        oral antidiabetic agent
      - aspirin
      - ticlopinide
- - - - is the main factor in metabolic syndrome
        
        sedentary lifestyle
        
        diet rich in
        
        fatty acids
        
        simple sugars
        
        These factor greatly contribute to the metabolic syndrome
    - - releases non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA, Non-esterified Fatty Acids) , which, if in excess, accumulate in the muscle and in the liver
      - favors the insulin resistance and such alteration predisposes so certainly to the development of the metabolic syndrome
      - intracellular fatty acids , or rather some of their metabolites , contributes to the onset of insulin resistance , hindering the intracellular transmission pathways of the insulin signal
  - - - genetic insulin resistance
      - endocrine alterations
      - genetic alterations
- - - - Abdominal obesity (waist circumference: men> 102cm, women> 88cm)
        
        this specific criteria varies depending the region and ethnicity of the individual
        
        European , Sub-Saharan African , Eastern and Middle Eastern: men ≥ 94 cm and women ≥ 80 cm
        
        Sub-Asian , Chinese , South American and Central American : men ≥ 90 cm and women ≥ 80 cm
        
        Japanese : men ≥ 90cm and women ≥ 80cm
      - Hypertriglyceridemia (> 150 mg / dL), or ongoing drug treatment for hypertriglyceridemia
      - Arterial hypertension (systolic> 130mmHg and diastolic> 85mmHg), or ongoing drug treatment
      - Hyperglycaemia (fasting> 100 mg / dL) or specific drug therapy, or previous diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus
      - This patient has multiple of the synthons explained here
      - Low HDL cholesterol (men <40 mg / dl, women <50 mg / dl), or specific drug therapy