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Year 8 Term 4 Civics and citizen ship - Coggle Diagram
Year 8 Term 4 Civics and citizen ship
Week 1
Introduction, what is c and c?
Civics
= The study of citizen rights and responsibilities and how the government
Citizenship
= Study as a citizen, person who legally lives in an area or a country
Rights and responsibilities
Rights
Example
= Right to and education
Definition
= Stuff Citizens are entitled to
Responsibilities
Definition
= Stuff citizens need to do
Example
= Attend School
Democracy
Origin
= Ancient Greece
How it works
= Citizens elect people who will represent them in government
Direct
= Citizens would directly vote on issues rather than electing someone to fix it
Representative
= Citizen elect representatives to make laws on their behalf
Key Terms
Citizenship
= Status, Legally living in a town or country
Civics
= Study of Citizenship
Government
= Elected members of parliament that makes decisions for nation or state
Multiculturalism
= People of different races and cultures living peacefully and equally with one another
Parliament
= The national law-making body that is made up of elected representatives
Parliamentary Democracy
= System of government where people elect representatives to parliament in order to make laws which reflect the views of the majority
The 6 Concept of citizenship
Democratic Values
= Beliefs and Ideals held by our society
Democracy
= Citizen elect a higher up to represent them in government
Justice
= Many meanings, Australia meaning = Treating each other in a manner that is fair and balanced
Rights and responsibilities
= Stuff that citizens need to do and the stuff that they are entitled to
West Minister system
= Form of parliamentary government that includes three arms of government
Participation
= Taking part in Society
Week 2
Why are laws needed
Stop people from doing bad things
Resolve issues
Protect people
Legal vs non-legal
Differences
= Legal is law that is made by parliament and gives serious punishments while non-legal laws can be made by schools but wont punish people seriously
Examples
Non-Legal
= Wearing school uniform
Legal
= No killing people
Statutory Law
Definiton
= Laws made by parliament
How is it made
= the law starts of as a bill and goes through the house of representatives to the Senate and then the governor general
Examples
= no killing people, no stealing
The path of the bill through parliament
Lower house
2nd reading
= Members debate and vote on the main idea of the bill
House Committee
= Public inquiry into the bill reports back to the House
1st reading
= The Bill is introduced
Consideration in detail
= Members discuss the bill in detail including any changes to the bill
3rd reading
= Members vote on the bill in its final form
Bill is Passed
= Sent to Senate or upper house
Upper house
1st reading
= The bill is introduced to the Senate
2nd Reading
= Senators debate and vote on main idea of the bill
Senate Committee
= Public inquiry into the bill reports back to the Senate
Committee of the whole
= Senators discuss the bill in detail including any changes to the bill
3rd reading
= Senators vote on the bill in its final form
Bill Passed
= to governor general
Crown
Royal assent
= The governor-general signs the bill
Bill approved
= becomes an act of parliament
Common Law
Definition
= created by decisions of judges, which act as binding precedents for later decisions.
How is it made
= developed by judges through decisions of courts and similar tribunals rather than through legislative statues or executive branch action
Examples
= Punishment for stealing cars when the first car was stolen
Week 3
Customary Law
Definition
= laws spread by words of mouth
Who uses it?
= Aboriginal people
Types
= Marriage, Children and the Distribution of Property
Civil Law
Definition
= law that is concerned with disputes between individuals
Tort Law
Examples
= Defamation, Negligence, false imprisonment
Difference between criminal law
= Criminal law is law that is concerned with criminals and severe punishments to law breakers while civil law aims to fix the damage done to an individual usually with money
Criminal law
Process
Jury system
= around 12 or 6 people are chosen randomly to listen in court and listen to the evidence and discuss if the accused is guilty
Accused of Crime
= Wont be put in trial for a crime first, those who plead guilty then go to a jury trial
Going to Court
= the stages of the court process.
1)Investigation
2)Charging
3)Initial Hearing/Arraignment
4)Discovery
5)Plea Bargaining
6)Preliminary hearing
7)Pre-Trial Motion
8)Trial
Rights of an accused person
= Fair trial, free judge that defends them
Definition
Guilty act
= Committing a crime but you didn't mean to like drunk driving and accidentally hitting someone
Guilty Mind
= Purposely committing a crime and fully knowing what you are doing, like killing a person
Simple
= simple crimes like stealing and breaking property. punishments can be imprisonment or community service
Indictment
= Serious crimes like murder and terrorism crimes like these usually are punished with life imprisonment
Week 4
Test 1
Test Revision
Week 5
Essay practice
Freedom
Speech
Definition
= the power or right to express one's opinions without censorship, restraint, or legal penalty.
Example
= Protesting
Religion
Example
= Practicing Satanism
Definition
= the right to practise whatever religion one chooses.
Assembly
Definition
= The right to hold public meetings and form associations without interference by the government
Example
= Hosting a party
Association
Definition
= It ensures that every individual is free to organise and to form and participate in groups
Example
= Sporting clubs
Movement
Definition
= right of individuals to travel from place to place within the territory of a country, and to leave the country and return to it.
Example
= Leaving Australia and going to America and Coming back to Australia
Why is it Important
= Freedom is important because it allows us to be ourselves, and to work together while maintaining autonomy
Week 6
Mindmap