Thesis: As a result of the African people having no allies, a different skin color, culture, religion, more immunity to European diseases, and overall seeming more “alien” towards the Virginians, as opposed to every other group of people, the transition from indentured servitude to racialized slavery occurred to instill the power of white people who were servants over black people who were slaves, giving privileges to the white servants by forcing the slaves to do the work that the indentured servants did not want to do. Note: Because of the fear of African Americans and Indentured servants teaming up again, after the Bacon's Rebellion, they divided them by taking away AA rights and making indentured servants more privileged as they were no longer on the bottom of the social hierarchy anymore.
The spread of slavery was a lot slower in Amerian colonies because the prejudice itself was not enough to create slavery, they had to be convinced that this was the best solution to solve the labor shortage.
At first freed black slaves could own land, slaves, and indentured servants as they had more rights to a certain extent, but then when the demand for slavery occurred they got their rights stripped away. Also, slave codes were put into place in order to strip those rights in order for landowners to maintain control over the slaves with violence.