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Diagnostic heterogeneity, Mass Production of Pharmaceuticals - Coggle…
Diagnostic heterogeneity
Diagnosis in Neurodiversity
Autism (Mental Health)
High level co-occurring mental health conditions (70-80%)
Difficulties evaluating their own mental health?
Most commonly depression & anxiety
Overlaps with autism (social withdrawal/sleep problems) (Kerns et al, 2015)
Anxiety
Mental health often misdiagnosed
More likely to disagree with diagnosis (Yeung et al, 2018)
Felt autistic characteristics confused with mental health ones
Lack of autism awareness in clinicians?
Obstacles when accessing mental heath support
Crucial to learning from & listening to autistic individuals so their mental health needs are met
Little research on mental health needs & experiences of young autistic adults (Crane et al, 2018)
Classifications and Manuals
The DSM-5 is highly criticised with regards to the poor validity of its classification's and medicalisation of normal behaviours (Wardenaar and de Jonge, 2013).
Diagnostic categories means that evidence based recommendations for interventions are organised by diagnosis (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2005).
By focusing on diagnostic categories, individual experiences of distress may be obscured (Allsopp et al, 2019).
Is there an alternative to classification manuals that is effective?
Smart watches and wearable devices allow for daily monitoring of depressed patients (Bos, Schoevers and Aan Het Rot, 2015).
Using technology to help diagnoses and treatment?
Once patients are diagnosed, few end up receiving evidence based care (Kessler et al, 2003). One paper suggests that new treatments, including drugs are required, but to be successful a more reliable clinical construct is needed (Lieblich, 2015).
Trauma and mental health diagnosis
Autism and trauma
Mate crime as a type of trauma
Bipolar and BPD
Large variety of typologies of diagnoses
Misdiagnosis
Morals vs Ethics
Ethical guidelines are not the same as Moral choices
Profit
Morality of profit over patient prioritisation
Best interest?
Clinicians lack of knowledge in regards to all variants of diagnosis.
May lead to patient harm
Short term
Long term
Intentional?
Unintentional
Mass Production of
Pharmaceuticals