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Metals, CAST IRON Screenshot 2020-11-05 at 10.41.55 AM - Coggle Diagram
Metals
Non-Ferrous (no iron)
Aluminium
Properties
light
recyclable
conducts heat and electricity
soft & malleable
Uses
cans
ladders
windows
foil
aircraft
Zinc
used to coat steel - galvanizing
highly protective on steel - resists rust / oxidisation
Copper
properties
excellent conductor of electricity
malleable
ductile
resists corrosion
uses of copper
electrical cables
because it conducts electricity so well
lead
soft and malleable
used for car batteries / old plumbing / roof flashing
can be poisonous - so not used so much for plumbing anymore
Tin
used for alloys
low melting point
pewter is made from tin
good for casting / solder
Pure Metals
Gold
silver
copper
Metals come from the earth in the form of ORE
The Ore goes through a process called SMELTING in a BLAST FURNACE
blast furnace
molten iron
Ferrous (contain iron)
ALL FERROUS METAL RUST (OXIDATION)
MILD STEEL
ALLOY OF IRON AND CARBON (99.7% IRON 0.3% CARBON)
Ductile, tough, malleable
Needs protecting to stop rust - paint
welds very easily
Other steel
Stainless steel
resistant to rust
cutlery , sinks, surgical equipment
contains Chromium (18%)
Carbon Steel
Higher % of carbon (0.7-1.4%)
Much harder - so can be used for tools
prone to rusting
Alloys
A mixture of 2 or more metals
Improves the properties of the material
strength
strength in tension / tensile
Strength in compression
durable
resistant to corrosion
Brass
mixture of copper (60%) and zinc (40%)
properties
resists corrosion
conducts electricity
uses
plumbing fittings
musical instruments
boat fittings
Duralumin
aluminium, copper, manganese
strong
light
durable
appearance
CAST IRON
high carbon 4%
very hard wearing - but brittle
