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Ch. 26 Community Ecology, demonstrating succession, https…
Ch. 26 Community Ecology
Diversity
Diversity and Scale
scale
common observation is matters
species-area relationship
relationship b/t area & species richness
species abundance distribution
number of species
in each abundance class
Diversity and Latitude
diversity varies w latitude
Predator-Prey Interactions
#
One Predator, One Prey
functional response
feeding rate & handling time
prey-dependent
zero growth isocline
line indicating population stability
paradox of enrichment
predator overexploit prey
both species lost
maximum sustained yield
harvest just enough to keep pop density
species would be stable
fixed effort harvesting
can be harvested w amount of effort
fixed quota harvesting
harvest only particular amount
Predator Selection Among Multiple Prey
optimal foraging theory
examine why herbivores eat certain plants
optimal diet theory
predators pick high-yield prey
if prey become scare, broaden diet
some prey will always be eaten
less profitable prey will be ignored if more available
Competition Between Species
exploitation competition
organisms consume shared resource
interference competition
organisms restrict access to other resources
invasive
when population can increase
even with competitor
Apparent Competition
plants are not competiting
Beneficial Interactions Between Species
#
facilitation
#
organism helps other w/o benefit
mutualism
organisms both benefit
primary succession
organisms establish on new
Metapopulations in Patchy Environments
sink habitat
low-quality patch
fugitive species
colonizes new patches
floruish temporarily then moves on
source habitat
high-quality patch
assisted dispersal
animals captured & released elsewhere
metapopulations
population connected by migration & gene flow
Interconnectedness of Species
Food Chains & Food Webs
food web
trace prey of top carnivores
trace food sources of prey
energy flow web
how energy flows through community
food chain
direct line of consumption
keystone species
dramatically affects community structure
Concepts
succession
#
new species that come in
climax community
stability returns
Community
groups of species at same time and place
community restoration
bring back to what it was
demonstrating succession
https://livingnatureweb.files.wordpress.com/2017/10/image-24.jpg?w=736
occur within communities
facilitation plays role in succession
first succession
showing source/sink dynamics
x
https://images.slideplayer.com/1/248879/slides/slide_23.jpg
demonstrating diversity with latitude
https://cdn.downtoearth.org.in/image/20070531/32.jpg
ex. of food chain
https://image.shutterstock.com/image-vector/food-chain-illustration-showing-plant-260nw-463593314.jpg
ex. of food web
https://useruploads.socratic.org/LCYGzHylT1qf681IUhHL_Food%20Web.jpg
showing not all interactions are harmful