Roman Empire
Skill
To characterize the Roman Empire, its expansion in the Mediterranean, its slave and institutional features and further influence.
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Vocabulary
Bore: to take responsibility for something
Eastern: located in the east or facing east
Free: not under the control or in the power of somebody else
Height: a better or greater level of something;
Legion: a large group of soldiers that forms part of an army, especially the one that existed in ancient Rome
Settlement: a place where people have come to live and make their homes
Suppress: To put an end, often by force, to a group or an activity that is believed to threaten authority
To rule: to control and have authority over a country, a group of people, etc.
Unleash: to suddenly let a strong force, emotion, etc. be felt or have an effect
War: a person who is owned by another person and is forced to work for them
Rome origins
It was founded by the twin brothers, Romulus and Remus, who were breastfed by a wolf and then raised by a shepherd couple.
Roma was born of different settlements conformed by three tribes: the Latins, the Sabines and the Etruscans. Roma’s strategic commercial location converted it in a city called “Roma Cuadrata” who was governed by a King (monarchy). The king was elected by the senate.
Latin Republic
Roma became a Latin republic that was governed by two consuls elected by the senate. The only people allowed to be consuls were the Patricians (upper class). The two consuls were governed by each other, and their mandate lasted only one year. At the end of their government, the consuls had to report to the Senate on their functions.
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Other important events:
The army was also organized
Various magistrates (offices) were created
Laws were written down in the Latin alphabet to regulate relations between people, property and commerce.
The legal work of the Romans is one of their most important cultural legacies for humanity, and their principles were incorporated into the laws of many countries.
Expansion of Rome
In the III century b.C. Rome started to invade/conquer to all the towns of the Italian peninsula: The Etruscans (north), Greece (south) because they had important colonies. With this conquest Rome had the control of all Italy.
A fought with Carthage gave Rome big territories: Iberia (currently Spain, Portugal and Silice).
Roma defeated Macedonia and took possession of the Balkans area. This gave Rome the control over the Occidental Mediterranean.
Roman Empire
The origin of the Roman Empire dates back to 29 B.C. under the rule of Octavian and ends in 476 A.D. under the rule of Romulus Augustulus.
From the crisis emerged as a winner Julius Caesar, conqueror of Gaul (now France, Belgium and Holland) and Egypt, who became into a dictator. In 44 B.C. he was assassinated by a group of senators, among them, men of his confidence, such as Brutus and Cassius.
Fall of Roman Empire
The Roman Emperor Diocletian observed several problems in which the Roman Empire was immersed; according to those problems he reorganizes the Empire and creates the tetrarchy, the government of four. This government manages to give a stability to Rome that it had not had for years and allows the survival of the Empire.
Emperor Theodosius (379-395) divided the empire between his two sons, Arcadius and Honorius. So they would start the Eastern Roman Empire -with headquarters in Constantinople- and the Western Roman Empire.
The first division (Eastern Roman Empire) was very rich and culturally advanced, and survived for about a thousand years more.
Internal disputes and barbarian invasions progressively weakened Rome, until the last emperor of the West Roman Empire, Romulus Augustulus, was deposed in 476 by Odacro, a Goth (a people originally from the south of Sweden who advanced southwards).