Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Before Industrial Revolution - Coggle Diagram
Before Industrial Revolution
Merchants in towns
Merchants started shifting production to countryside
W/
expansion of world trade
and
acquisition of colonies
,
demand for goods began growing
However,
trade was largely controlled
by urban crafts and
trade guilds
So merchants
could not expand production in towns
In countryside
Open lands were disappearing
and
commons were enclosed
Peasants who depended on common lands
for survival by gathering firewood, berries, veggies,etc
had to look for alt sources of income
Merchants
came to countryside offering advances
to produce goods for them
Peasant households eagerly agreed as
they could also continue their cultivation
Fuller use of family labour resources
Relationship b/w town and countryside
Merchant clothier in England purchased wool from stapler
Was
carried to the spinners
Yarn was spun
and
taken in subsequent stages
from
weavers
to
fullers
to
dyers
Finishing was done in London
Export merchant
sold cloth in international market
Merchants and Peasants
Merchants were based in towns
, while
peasants did work in countryside
Protoindustrial system
was
part of network of commercial trade
Network controlled by merchants
, and
goods were produced by producers within family farms
At each stage
, there were
20-25 workers employed by merchants
Factories
Earliest factories in England came up in 1730's
1st symbol
of new era
was cotton
, whose
production boomed in late 1700's
1760
- Britain was importing
2.5 mil. pounds
;
1787
: import soared to
22 mil. pounds
Series of inventions increased efficacy
Enhanced output per worker
, made possible
making of strong yarn and thread
Richard Arkwright created the cotton mill in 1767
Costly new machines
could be
purchased, set up and maintained in the mill
When all processes were brought under 1 roof, it
allowed a more careful supervision over production process
,
watch over quality and regulation of labour