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Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Strep) - Coggle Diagram
Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Strep)
Encapsulated, facultative anaerobe
Colonizes human genital, gastrointestinal (GI) tracts; upper respiratory tracts of young infants
Beta-hemolytic
→complete (beta-)hemolysis
Morphology
non-motile
no spores
gran-positive
facultative anaerobe
Chemical characteristics
catalase-negative :red_cross:
Beta hemolysis
Bacitracin resistent (to distinguish from S. pyogenes)
Virulence factors
Capsule: pili helps to attach; rich in sialic acid - non-visible for host-cells
Risk factors
Pregnancy
Neonates
Ascending infection from mother (e.g. rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis)
Adults (nonpregnant)
Chronic disease (e.g. diabetes, liver disease, malignancy; > age 65, esp. residents of nursing homes)
Hospitalization
Nosocomial/hospital-acquired infections
Complications
Cystitis, pyelonephritis, urethritis, prostatitis (pregnant women)
Neonates
choriamnionitis - rupture - miscarriage & premature delivery
bacteremia, neonatal sepsis
pneumonia, meningitis, neonatal mortality
Treatment
Penicillin G
Ampicillin
Cefazolin
Vancomycin
Prevention
Give colonized mother intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (couple hours before delivery)