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Ketone Body Metabolism - Coggle Diagram
Ketone Body Metabolism
are metabolites
the acetoacetate
H 3 C-CO-CH 2 -COO
acetone
H 3 C – CO – CH 3
β- D -hydroxybutyrate
H 3 C – CHOH – CH 2 –COO
are produced by
the liver
in ketogenesis
is after
the Krebs cycle
is the
second most important use of
acetyl-CoA
becomes significant
during periods of
prolonged fasting
in diabetes
when the body cannot use
glucose
to produce the ATP
the Krebs cycle
is slowed down
its production works like
two molecules of acetyl-CoA
are condensed by
acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase
β-ketothiolase
giving
acetoacetyl-CoA
another molecule is processed to
acetoacetyl-CoA
by HMG-CoA synthase
to HMG-CoA
acetoacetate
is released by
HMG-CoA lyase
Acetoacetate
is reduced
by 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
to β- D hydroxybutyrate
acetoacetate
becomes
acetone
which is released by air diffusion
by catalyzing action of acetoacetate decarboxylase
are transported
by the blood
and taken by target cells
then become again
acetyl-CoA
1.The acetylacetate is activated
by coenzyme A
to form acetoacetyl-CoA
Acetoacetyl-CoA is cleaved by
acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase into two molecules of acetyl-CoA
In healthy individuals
the liver
constantly produces them
are used by
extrahepatic tissues
are
naturally present in the blood
at a concentration of
1 mg · dl -1
undetectable by routine urine tests