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COPD - Coggle Diagram
COPD
Assessments
Expanded chest (barrel)
Wheezing/crackling
Prolonged exhaling
Decreased/abnormal breath sounds
Airflow limitation even after inhaler
Dry cough
Treatments
Rescue inhalers
Inhaled/oral steroids
Oxygen therapy
Pulmonary rehabilitation
Exercise
Quitting smoking
Complications
Respiratory infections
Cold
Flu
Pneumonia
Heart problems
Lung cancer
Depression
Hypertension in lungs
Labs or X-rays Needed
Lung function tets
Spirometer
Chest X-ray
CT scan
Arterial blood gas analysis
Lab tests
Determine if there is a alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency which could be a genetic cause of COPD
Causes
Smoking/Second hand smoke
Genetics
Exposure to Air Pollutants (workforce)
Air pollution
Chemical fumes
Dust
Meds
Bronchodilators
Steroids
Pathophysiology
Damage to the bronchi and alveoli
Lungs produce more mucus and the bronchioles become inflamed and narrower
Less O2 is being inhaled and distributed and less CO2 is being exhaled
Coughing, chest tightness, fatigue, weight loss, faintness, etc.