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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - Coggle Diagram
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Pathophysiology
Umbrella term for a range of lung diseases.
Chronic bronchitis and emphysema can both result in COPD.
Chronic bronchitis causes tubes to swell and mucus to build up, making it hard to get air in and out.
Emphysema is the breakdown of the walls of the alveoli, making it hard to take in a full breath.
Assessments needed
Spirometry to determine lung function.
Listening to lung and heart sounds.
examine nose and throat.
check BP and pulse.
Labs/Xrays
arterial blood gases (ABGs).
pulse oximetry.
electrocardiogram to rule out heart disease.
Chest x-ray of CT scan.
exercise testing.
Treatments
Rehabilitation to teach effective breathing strategies.
Leukotriene modifiers to help improve airflow.
Expectorants to thin mucus.
Lung surgery, if you are a candidate.
Medications
Bronchodilators.
Anti-inflammatory meds.
supplemental oxygen.
antibiotics to stop bacterial infections.
anti cholinergic.