PETROLEUM SYSTEM
DEFINITION
It encompasses the entire Hydrocarbon formation process
THE PROCESSES
- Generation
- Migration
- It is the formation of Hydrocarbons in the SOURCE ROCK
Source rock contain dead plants&animals for million of years.
At a high temp. in 'kitchen', they transform into Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons can be found in either onshore or offshore
- The movement of Hydrocarbons through POROUS & PERMEABLE ROCKS
At high temp., Hydrocarbons migrate from source rock to reservoir rock
- Accumulation
- It is the gathering of Hydrocarbons in reservoir rocks
Hydrocarbons are found in traps in the reservoir rock
There must be a CAP ROCK(Seal Rock) from escaping
RESERVOIR ROCK must have features of POROSITY & PERMEABILITY
The accumulation order in the Reservoir Rock:
- It is based on the density of each components of Hydrocarbons
THE ELEMENTS
- Source Rock
- Organic matter - generating petroleum
- Reservoir Rock
- High Porosity & High Permeability
- Trap
Structural Trap
i. Anticlinal trap
ii. Fault trap
Stratigraphic Trap
- Seal
- Correct Timing