PETROLEUM SYSTEM

DEFINITION

It encompasses the entire Hydrocarbon formation process

THE PROCESSES

  1. Generation
  1. Migration
  • It is the formation of Hydrocarbons in the SOURCE ROCK

Source rock contain dead plants&animals for million of years.

At a high temp. in 'kitchen', they transform into Hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbons can be found in either onshore or offshore

  • The movement of Hydrocarbons through POROUS & PERMEABLE ROCKS

At high temp., Hydrocarbons migrate from source rock to reservoir rock

  1. Accumulation
  • It is the gathering of Hydrocarbons in reservoir rocks

Hydrocarbons are found in traps in the reservoir rock

There must be a CAP ROCK(Seal Rock) from escaping

RESERVOIR ROCK must have features of POROSITY & PERMEABILITY

The accumulation order in the Reservoir Rock:

  • It is based on the density of each components of Hydrocarbons

THE ELEMENTS

  1. Source Rock
  • Organic matter - generating petroleum
  1. Reservoir Rock
  • High Porosity & High Permeability
  1. Trap
  • Structural Trap


    i. Anticlinal trap


    ii. Fault trap


  • Stratigraphic Trap

  1. Seal
  1. Correct Timing