PETROLEUM SYSTEM
THE PROCESSES
DEFINITION
THE ELEMENTS
Accumulation order in reservoir rock
- depends on density of hydrocarbon component
The driving force is TEMPERATURE & PRESSURE
1. Source Rock (sedimentary rock at depth at considerable time &T)
Ex:
- Shales
- Sandstones
- Carbonates
2. Reservoir Rock
- Oil & gas accumulates here
- Must hv features of porosity and permeability
3. Seal Rock
- Oil & Gas can't move effectively through it
-Ex: Mudstone, Claystone
4. Migration Route
- route for oil & gas moves from source rock to trap
Ex: fault / fracture
1. Generation
3. Migration
4. Accumulation
Formation of hydrocarbon (oil) in source rock.
Source rock contain dead plants & animals for millions of yrs
Dead plants need high T, P & depth to transform to HCs
Movement of HCs through porous and permeable rock
High T, HCs migrate from source rock to reservoir rock
- Gathering of oil & gas in reservoir rocks
- Oil & gas found in traps in reservoir rock
- cap rock / seal rock (prevent oil & gas from escaping)
5. Trap
- Configuration that concentrates oil & gas into accumulation
- Ex: Stratigraphy trap, structural Trap
Combination between geologic components & HCs generation/ accumulation processes
- water is heavy
- oil is light
- gas lighter
- gas lighter
FARHAH NABILAH BINTI FADZIL
E18A0028
5. Preservation / Recovery
- Economic value oil & gas
2. Expulsion
- Has gas & oil window
SEDIMENTARY BASIN?
Only place for petroleum generation