PETROLEUM
SYSTEM
Overview
is the combination of main geological attributes that lead to the accumulation of HC
petroleum originate -> place of accumulation ->
how it migrate -> source -> trap
Source rock
fine-grained sediment in its natural setting
(release enough HC for oil and gas)
type of rock with OM capable to generate HC
Properties
Total Organic content
-weight % organic C
->1% (source rock)
->15% (world class source rock)
Hydrogen Index
-total H relative to H in water
Components &
Processes
Type of source rock
Fundamental component
grain - porosity - cement - matrix
Process
Trap Formation
Hydrocarbon
generation, migration, accumulation
Petroleum System
generation -> migration -> entrapment
-> retention -> recovery
is a maturation process
fossil organic matter -> oil and gas
Elements
Processes
Sedimentary
-most frequent (shale, sandstone, carbonate)
Generation
Expulsion
-oil & gas from source
rock at oil window &
gas window
Migration
-complete system
-incomplete system
Accumulation
Preservation
Rock Type
-rock that produce HC when buried and heated
-may contain recoverable HC resources
-that prevent HC passing through
Sedimentary Basin
a large subsiding depression filled with thick sequence of sedimentary rock