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TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION, Connective Tissue, Epithelial Tissue, TAN…
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Connective Tissue
Functions
- Connecting tissues to one another
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- Cushioning and insulating
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Classification
- Embryonic Connective Tissue
Mesenchyme – gives rise to other connective tissue (stem cells), Mucous connective tissue – has more hydrated materials (umbilical cord)
Areolar connective tissue, Adipose tissue, Reticular tissue
Dense regular connective tissue, Dense irregular connective tissue, Elastic connective tissue
Elastic cartilage, Fibrocartilage, Hyaline cartilage
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Makes up part of every organ in the body, separated from each other by abundant extracellular matrix
Epithelial Tissue
Characteristics
Two surfaces: Apical – has microvilli or cilia, facing external environment, Basal – attached to underlying tissues
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Lack of blood vessels, Get nutrients by diffusion or absorption
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Covers exposed surfaces lines internal passageway & chambers, and forms glands.
Functions
Have molecular machinery for absorbing or secreting substances, regulated in response to stimuli, can be altered by physical stress
3.Provide Sensation
Large sensory nerve supply, Neuroepithelium – contains sensory cells
Gland cells secrete onto surface, Release into surrounding interstitial fluid & blood.
From abrasion, dehydration, and destruction by chemical or biological agents.
Specializations
- Movement of fluids over the epithelial surface - Provides protection and lubrication
- Movement of fluids through the epithelium - To control permeability
- Production of secretions - Provide physical protection or act as chemical messengers
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Classification
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Simple
Epithelia
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One layer, thin, same polarity, fragile
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Glandular
Epithelia
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Exocrine Glands
Method of Secretion
Merocrine
Secretion by
exocytosis, e.g. sweat
glands
Apocrine
Involves loss of apical cytoplasm, e.g. mammary
gland
Holocrine
Secretion by forming vesicles then bursts, e.g. sebaceous gland
Types of Secretion
Mucous Glands
Secrete mucins (hydrate to form mucus), e.g. sublingual salivary gland
Mixed Exocrine Glands
More than one type of gland cells, e.g. submandibular salivary glands
Serous Glands
Secretes watery solution that contains enzymes, e.g. parotid salivary glands
Simple Gland
Simple Tubular, Simple Coiled Tubular, Simple Branched Tubular, Simple Alveolar, Simple Branched Alveolar
Compound Gland
Compound Tubular, Compound Alveolar, Compound Tubular Alveolar
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