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LEARNING THEORIES - Coggle Diagram
LEARNING THEORIES
BEHAVIOURISM
List View of Knowledge
- new behaviours or change in behaviours are acquired through associations between stimuli and response.
- as a form of classroom management
- knowledge exists independently and outside of people
List View of Learning
- through positive/negative reinforcement and punishment or rewards
- educational software can be use to measure student's assessment
- learned through interaction with the environment
List the Scholar/expert
IVAN PAVLOV
- learning procedure that involves pairing a stimulus with a classical conditioning ( experiment : conducted with his dogs)
B. F. SKINNER
- through 'operant conditioning' conducting various experiments on animals (skinner box) experiment on rats.
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COGNITIVISM
List View of Knowledge
- information processing look at how information is retrieved and stored
- learning occurs through internal processing of information
- learning is defined as a change in the learners schemata
- human mind is valuable and necessary for understanding how people learn
List View of Learning
- learning occurs through internal, cognitive processing of information and goal is to move knowledge from short-term to long-term memory
- learners will develop meaningful ways in efficent ways of coding, transforming, storing and retrieving information.
- concerned not so much with what learners do but with what they know and how they come to acquire it
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List the Scholar/ expert
- David Ausebel : Subsumption Theory
- Robert Mills Gange: Conditions of Learning
- Jean Piaget: proposed that humans progress through four development stages : the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational stages.
CONSTRUCTIVISM
List View of Knowledge
- based on the idea that people actively construct or make their own knowledge, and that reality is determined by your experiences as a learner
- process in which the learner construct knowledge based on their past experiences
List View of Learning
- constructing ones own knowledge through past experiences and group collaboration
- learners use sensory input and constructs meaning out of it
- students are responsible on their learning because they need to explore knowledge by their own without knowledge by teachers
- interactions between students and teachers ongoing actively (teachers adjust teaching according to students understanding
List the Scholar/expert
- Jerome Bruner : 'an approach to learning that holds that people actively construct or make their own knowledge and that reality is determined by the experiences of the learner'
- Vygotsky : three main concepts related to cognitive development: culture is significant in learning, language is the root of culture, and individuals learn and develop within their role in the community
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