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LEARNING THEORIES - Coggle Diagram
LEARNING THEORIES
:star:BEHAVIORISM :star:
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It views the mind as a "black box" in the sense that response to stimulus can be observed quantitatively, totally ignoring the possibility of thought processes occurring
in the mind
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STUDENTS
- Encourage the student's efforts and motivate them to do better by giving prizes such as enjoyable or pleasurable thing
- Students will be more eager and happy to learn in classroom
- Students will be more discipline if the teachers give the punishment
TEACHERS
- Teachers can create a fun and enjoyable environment in classroom
- Teachers can be more closer to their students
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IVAN PAVLOV (1849 - 1936) 
- Pavlov's most famous experiment
involved food, a dog and a bell
THE EXPERIMENT
1. Before conditioning, ringing the bell caused no response from the dog. Placing food in front of
the dog initiated salivation
2. During conditioning, the bell was rung a few seconds before the dog was presented with food
3. After conditioning, the ringing of the bell alone produced salivation
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COGNITIVISM
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LEV VYGOTSKY (1934) Vygotsky has developed a sociocultural approach to cognitive development which is scaffolding
THE EXPERIMENT
Scaffolding theory describes social and instructional support for students learning new concepts, comparable to structures erected alongside newly constructed buildings
Vygotsky defined scaffolding instruction as the “role of teachers and others in supporting the learners development and providing support structures to get to that next stage or level”
Vygotsky define scaffolding as a process "that enables a child or novice to solve a task or achieve a goal that would be beyond his unassisted efforts.
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STUDENTS
- helping students to identify and modify their learning and problem solving strategies
- Rewards can encourage the students to keep motivated in learning
- Keeping the students focused on specific goals
TEACHERS
- helping students which turns them from passive to active learners
- teachers can enable students to become problem solvers
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Cognitive Learning Theory suggests that the learner is an active participant in the process
Cognitivism is based on the thought process behind the behavior.
Changes in behavior are observed
and used as indicators as to what is happening inside the learner's mind
Constructivism
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- Based on the premise that we all construct our own perspective of the world, through
individual experiences and schema
- It focuses on preparing the learner to problem solve in ambiguous situations
learners construct their own reality or at least interpret it based upon their
perceptions of experiences
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JEAN PIAGET Piaget's theory of constructivism argues that people produce knowledge and form meaning based upon their experiences
EXPERIMENT
This pattern was described in a series of four stages: the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational
Piaget conducted a series of experiments to measure children's progress in different areas, including their cognitive and social skills.
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- It develops advanced skills such as critical thinking, analysis, evaluation, and creation in students
- It encourages students to reflect, evaluate their work, and identify intermediary skills to acquire based on their needs.
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