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UNIT 15: Equilibrium - Coggle Diagram
UNIT 15: Equilibrium
Basis of Equilibrium
SO: the circumstantial ratio of concentrations is Q, and Q "tries" to be K! (to go towards equilibrium)
Can simply write ECE with stoichiometries, not mechanisms of each reaction.
Reversible reaction --> rate laws --> rearrange to get a constant for relationship of conc.'s: K (relationship of conc.'s is Q).
Of course, what we don't know is the rate constants of forward/reverse reaction... but we what the relationships of the concentrations must be when equal to K.
Le Chat
PRINCIPLE: If an equilibrium mixture is disturbed (change constituents, pressure, temperature) then it will work to COUNTERACT that change
If a reactant or product is added, reaction will shift in opposite direction to compensate (visualize bars of conc.'s.) (and vice versa)
If volume is changed, will shift to side that compensates for more/less pressure (less pressure, more moles. More pressure, less moles) (if same on both, nothing happens)
If temperature is changed, depends on exothermic or endothermic. Determine if heat is a product or a reactant, then treat it as such... or forward/reverse reaction.
Misc:
Molarity and Pressure can be used for ECE since they are measures of concentration, but moles can't.
if OPEN SYSTEM, gases will escape and.. idk
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Intuitively, a reversible reaction in a closed system will gravitate towards equilibrium... Set rate laws of forward/reverse equal. Rearrange to get constant (kf/kr). Always keep MATH in mind
How to form K
PRESSURE:
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Pressure is another form of concentration but for gases... ECE for gases is w/partial pressures replacing molarities
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PV = nRT, so P = MRT. So molarity --> pressure! And once you expand all the partial pressures, you get this: Kp = Kc * (RT)^dn (can derive it.)
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Heterogeneous:
Basically just a note: Pure solids and liquids aren't included in ECE; they can't have concentrations and so concentrations don't change
K MUST be reached for equilibrium... If too high pressure, must be able to react to form less gas. Or more if too low.
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