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Immune Response (Lectures 104 and 105) - Coggle Diagram
Immune Response (Lectures 104 and 105)
Innate
Physical, Chemical, Biological barriers
Inflammation
histamine, C5a, TNF-a, IFN-y, IL-1
Increase blood supply, capillary permeability, leukocyte chemotaxis
Phagocytosis
Activated by TLR/CR/Ab binding to ligand from microbe
Attachment
Recognition
Engulfment into Phagosome via actin polymerization
Fusion of phagosome with lysosome
H+-mediated digestion
Expulsion of material or Ag-presentation to activate lymphocytes
Can be PMNs, or MN (monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, osteoclasts)
Complement
Normally ride around inactive in serum
Activated by 1 of 3 pathways
Classical (actually the slowest and
part of adaptive immunity
)
Alternative
Mannan-Binding Lectin (Mannan is a sugar on bacteria)
Has 5 main functions
Opsonization (C3b and C4b)
Lysis of bacteria and enveloed viruses (MAC)
Inflammation and chemotaxis (C3a and C5a)
Ab-response (Primes B cells)
Clearance of immune complexes and apoptotic cells)
Recognition of Pathogens
PRR (soluble or bound to host cell) binds to PAMP on microbe
Adaptive
Antigen = anything that can produce immune response
Each antigen has many epitopes
More complex the shape of the epitope, the more immunogenic/easily recognize by the IS it is
Antibodies bind to SPECIFIC epitopes
Immobilize, neutralize, or opsonize said epitopes
Antibodies are also called immunoglobulins
Have 2 heavy and 2 light chain polypeptides
The most distal portions of each heavy and light chain are variable, and are specific to a certain epitope
5 isotypes
Mu (u) = IgM
Gamma (y) = IgG
Alpha (a) = Iga
Delta (d) = IgD
Epsilon (E) = IgE