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Emergence of agriculture and writing - Coggle Diagram
Emergence of agriculture and writing
New challenges for humanity
Humans organized themselves to face the new conditions they found in the places they arrived: other climates, new predators, even more primitive humans.
Humans organized themselves to face the new conditions they found in the places they arrived: other climates, new predators, even more primitive humans.
They also improved their tools: they added handles, for example, to improve their efficiency
In the cold areas, they needed animal skins to cover themselves and to hunt better; they invented the spear, the bow; and, to separate the flesh of the skin, better burins, chisels and flint knives
Agricultural revolution
Most people in the world changed their lifestyles about 10,000 years ago by adopting some form of agriculture.
Due to a decrease in the glaciation, the planet's climate improved, which in turn allowed certain grasses (herbs) that grow naturally will spread across the steppes. It also influenced some groups to observe that plants have a cycle: they are born, grow and bear fruit.
Along with agriculture came domestication of animals.
Agricultural main centers
The crescent-shaped strip of land located in the eastern Mediterranean , 10,000 years ago.
Northwest China, 7,000 years ago
Mesoamerica, 5,000 years ago
Andean America , 4,000 years ago
Changes brought by agricultural revolution
The main and immediate change that agriculture brought the sedentary
The second big change was in housing: branch sheds and caves were not enough, as in nomadic life.
The populations mastered the cultivation techniques: fertilizer, irrigation, seed selection and conservation of the surpluses, as well as the breeds of domesticated animals and the quality of the tools used.
The availability of more consumable calories brought the increase in population, the fourth big change.
Invention of writing
The development of cities and agriculture led to the growth of trade. In one of these cities, and for hundreds of years, Sumerian merchants kept records of what they sold and bought on clay tokens in the form of animals, jars, and other items they traded.
3300 B.C., they realized that they did not need figures, and began to scratch with simplified signs at any surface representing the articles: that was the beginning of writing.