Teaching Reading

1) Characteristics of Written Language

2) Types of Classroom Reading Performance

3) Types of Assessment tasks

① Permanence:
As long as the medium that delivers the text is preserved, written language has permanence.

② Processing time:
Most reading contexts allow readers to read at their own rate. It's reader-oriented.

③ Distance:
Written language is far between the writer who wrote and the reader who reads it. Because there is a difference in the time and space in which the author writes and the reader reads are different, the written language is decontextualized.

④ Orthography:
In spoken language, we have phonemes. Like this, in writing, we have graphemes.

⑤ Complexity:
Writing has longer clauses and more subordination than spoken language, which makes the written language more complex. It is the biggest difference with spoken language.

⑥ Vocabulary:
Written English typically utilizes a greater variety of lexical items than spoken conversational English.

⑦ Formality:
In writing, there are prescribed forms that certain written messages must adhere to such as menu, rhetorical formality in essay writing.

Oral:
evaluative check on bottom-up (pronunciation check)
/ participation and highlighting segment of reading passage

Silent

Intensive:
Students focus on the linguistic
or semantic details of a passage

Extensive:
to achieve a general understanding
of a usually somewhat longer text

Linguistic

Content

Skimming

Scanning

Global

Perceptive reading:
recognition of symbols, letters, words

reading aloud

copying (reproduce in writing)

multiple-choice recognition (including T/F, fill in the blank)

picture-cued identification

Selective reading:
focus on morphology, grammar, lexicon

multiple choice grammar/vocabulary tasks

contextualized multiple choice (within a short paragraph)

sentence-level cloze task

matching tasks

grammar/vocabulary editing tasks (multiple choice)

picture-cued tasks

gap-filling tasks

Interactive reading

discourse-level cloze tasks
(requiring knowledge of discourse)

reading + comprehension questions

short-answer responses to reading

discourse editing tasks

scanning

re-ordering sequences of sentences

responding to charts, maps, graphs, diagrams

Extensive reading

skimming

summarizing

responding to reading through short essays

note taking, marginal notes, highlighting

outlining