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ORGANELLES IN CELL, NURUL ATIRAH BINTI MAPPAUYWI A20EB0063, TAN WEI KANG…
ORGANELLES IN CELL
Nucleus
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largest structure in cell, it is the control centre, controlling the protein synthesis, stores genetic material (DNA)
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Nucleosome
Consists of DNA strands wound around histone proteins. Nucleosome will form chromatin and chromosome
DNA
Double-stranded molecules carrying genetic information which controls cell structure and function via synthesis of specific protein
Genetic Code
Triplet code, gene: Sequence of nucleotides of a DNA strand
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Double-membrane-bounded producing the energy (ATP) through oxidation of energy-rich organic molecules (glucose)
Act as factory of collecting, processing, moderating and transporting of the substances synthesis by ER (protein and lipid). Also involve in formation of lysosome, excretory of modified protein and formation of membrane renewal vesicle
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Single-membrane-bouded organelles which contain digestive enzyme ( lysozyme). Important is digesting the worn-out organelles and substances take enter the cells through endocytosis
Consist of 9 triplet microtubules arranged in cylindrical shape.Involve in organization of microtubules within the cell which will fix the position of organelles. Also responsible for synthesis of spindle fibers during the cell division.
Composed of major and minor ribosomal subunits. Involved in protein synthesis by using the mRNA as a template (translation). May found in free ribosomes in cytoplasm or attached to the surface of rER.
Tubular sacs in cells. Involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification and carbohydrate metabolisme
Flattened sacs in cells. Temporarily stores the protein produced by ribosomes, folding protein into its native conformation, and transporting the protein to golgi apparatusss
A thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane. It is mainly composed of water, salts, and proteins. In eukaryotic cells, the cytoplasm includes all of the material inside the cell and outside of the nucleus.