THEORIES OF ART
IMITATIONAL
REPRESENTATIONAL
- Give the art a distinctive cognitive role
- Dwell on the ugly or on the ideal
- In representational theory, art is defined by its ability to represent reality/
- it's a way to reflect the ways that the mind perceives and understands reality !
- A representational artist may emphasize individual objects, scenes or persons, ways of seeing the world - perhaps as earthly paradise, or as something grimt and unglamorous.
- Representational theories thus give the arts a distinctive cognitive role.
AESTHETIC
OF SIGNIFICANT FORM 
:
OBJECTIVIST
INSTITUTIONAL
HISTORICAL
(ART REGARD)
FORMALIST
'ORGANIC UNITY'
ART AS CREATION
-modify life experiece in the fashioning of expressive art
EXPRESSIVE
The historical theory argues that something can only be regarded as an artwork if it is intended to support some well-precedented "art regard".
The formalist theory of art asserts that we should focus only on the formal properties of art—the "form", not the "content". Those formal properties might include, for the visual arts, color, shape, and line, and, for the musical arts, rhythm and harmony. Formalists do not deny that works of art might have content, representation, or narrative-rather, they deny that those things are relevant in our appreciation or understanding of art.
The institutional theory of art is a theory about the nature of art that holds that an object can only become art in the context of the institution known as "the artworld
As Nigel Warburton wrote in"Philisophy:The Basics"that it was a poor theory of art because it seemed
to justify the most pretentious and the most superficial objects have been considered works of art.
-describes art's role in human life, and what basic principles apply in evaluating it
-the least developed part of Objectivism is aesthetics
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-art is as distinctively human as language
- man has a profound need for art
- function of art: to present (in the concrete form), what is essentially an abstraction
- main idea: the elements of a world-view
-skill at capturing is made art "good"
-selective representation of reality
-artist should be playing a role in our society
This theory "unifies our concept of art" because "all artworks are related to each other historically in the sense that they all share some or other intended, well- precedented art regard."
CREATION
- Main idea is to be innovative in reworking nature`s materials and give the masterpiece a "new" nature
- Creation is the leading concept in a theory of art
- Creation concept has been made central by a variety of theorists and artists.
- "Creative imagination" create new worlds being inspired by actuality
- "Purifying away" of objective references through abstraction development in the visual arts
- originality and individuality become criteria of high merit
- "Creation" and novelty is not enough to complete art theory, original art can fail the main aim of art - to involve by catching people`s eye
I believe these concepts relate greatly to art and it’s development process. On one hand you can look at the work of say Jackson Pollock who used a style called drip painting during the period of abstract expressionism. He did not have in mind exactly what the final product of one of his paintings would look like, it was born out of the process of its creation.
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Originated with the ancient Greeks, particularly with Plato
Plato`s mimetic theory Art was regarded as skilled craft. According to Plato`s belief, it is better to use mere imitations of things in our world rather than depicting the eternal ideas.
"an imitation of nature or of human life and action"
The rise of Romanticism in the C19th progressively emphasised the expression of the artist's feelings and there was a corresponding decrease in emphasis on imitation
the advent of photography in the middle part of the C19th was also to change the practice of art
PROBLEM IS THAT their coverage appears limited
The Expressive theory of art was born of the romantic movement, which reacted against C18th classicism and placed the individual at the centre of art.
"Art is a human activity, consisting in this, that one person consciously, by certain external signs, conveys to others feelings he has experienced, and other people are affected by these feelings and live them over in themselves." - Tolstoy's definition of art
the Expression theory works well for Abstract Expressionism
This art can express not only feelings and emotions but also ideas
Good art depends on successful communication
The imitative theories are the vivid footage of a particular thing from the outer word. It is a
visible reality.
*Art is a shadow on a cave which needs to be escaped, because it distracts people from more vivid forms and truth.
Communication the feelings and emotions, expressed by the artist is significant. :
When an artist expresses his feelings in any form of art, the recipient should be affected by the same emotion and feelings.
The weakness of the theory is to restrict artists to expression of feelings and emotions.
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The Aesthetic theory was a late 19th century European movement
Began in reaction to prevailing untilitarian social philosophier
Immanuel Kant put the idea of the autonomy of aesthetic standarts
Coherent philisophy- to set aesthetic standarts on a universal basis
Good judgementis based upon features in the artwork themselves
Appretiation of beauty has to be disinterested
The conceptualists would argue with all
Echoes of Aethestism
"Test for great art was the test of time" Clive Bell,1914
Nigel Warburton : "Philisophy: The Basics": The theory involves a circular argument and it can not be refused
Significant relationships between shapes, colours and other sensory "properties"
Is open to the change
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