Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Leadership and Trust - Coggle Diagram
Leadership and Trust
The main issues that leaders face today
The challenge for many managers is learning how to become an effective team leader.
To become an effective team leader, managers need to learn and master the difficult balancing act of knowing when to leave their teams alone and when to get involved.
Easier said than done.
The
main issues
that leaders face today:
Employee empowerment
National culture
Emotional intelligence
Employee empowerment
Why do leaders need to empower employees?
Empowerment involves increasing the decision making discretion of workers.
One reason more companies are empowering employees is the need for quick decisions by those people who are most knowledgeable about the issues – usually people at lower organizational levels.
One of the benefits
of empowerment is that it makes the manager’s easier.
Technology has contributed to increases in employee empowerment. Organizations nowadays can face unique challenges and managers can not always be present when certain decisions are needed quickly.
National culture
National culture
affects leadership style, because it influences how followers will respond. Managers are constrained by the cultural conditions their followers have come to expect.
Cross-cultural Leadership Examples:
Korean leaders are expected to be paternalistic toward employees.
Arab leaders who show kindness or generosity without being asked to do so are seen by other Arabs as weak.
Japanese leaders are expected to be humble and speak frequently.
Effective German leaders are characterized by high performance orientation, low compassion, low self-protection, low team orientation, high autonomy, and high participation.
Emotional intelligence
Definition:
EI is the ability to monitor one’s own and other people’s emotions, to discriminate between different emotions and label them appropriately, and to use emotional information to guide thinking and behavior.
EI has five components:
Self-awareness
Self-management
Self-motivation
Empathy
Social skills
What is leadership like today?
Today, there are
three different views on leadership
. They include:
Transformative-Transactional leadership
Charismatic-Visionary leadership
Team leadership
Transformative-Transactional leadership
Definition:
Transactional leaders
are leaders who lead primarily by using social exchanges or transactions. Transactional leaders guide or motivate followers to work toward established goals by exchanging rewards for their productivity.
Transformative leaders
stimulate and inspire followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes.
These two types of leaders are not necessarily opposites.
Transformative leadership often develops from Transactional leadership.
Recent studies allege that Transformative leadership is better than Transactional leadership.
Charismatic-Visionary leadership
Definition:
Charismatic leaders
are enthusiastic, self-confident leaders whose personality and actions influence people to behave in certain ways.
A Visionary leaders
are leaders who have the ability to create and articulate a realistic, credible, and attractive vision of the future that improves upon the present situation.
Team leadership
Definition:
A team leader has two major tasks: manage the teams’ external boundaries and facilitate the team process.
Team leaders have four roles:
Liaison with external constituencies
Troubleshooter
Conflict manager
Coach
Trust: the essence of Leadership
Definition:
Trust is a person’s belief in the integrity, character, and ability of another person. Trust also can be applied to an organization, a product, an idea, etc.
Trust is often inter-twined with the concept of credibility.
Trust is very important to leadership.
Followers who trust a leader are willing to be vulnerable to the leader’s actions because they are confident that their rights and interests will not be abused.
Without trust, managers can not be effective leaders.
Components of Trust:
Integrity: honesty and truthfulness.
Competence: technical and interpersonal knowledge and skills.
Consistency: reliability, predictability, and good judgment in handling situations.
Loyalty: willingness to protect a person, physically and emotionally.
Openness: willingness to share ideas and information freely.
Once a manager
loses trust
among his or her employees, then the manager’s job starts to become very difficult.
Followers will refuse to follow, both actively and passively.
Four major theories emerged from research.
Path-Goal Model
Definition:
This model says a leader should provide direction and support as needed. In other words, structure the path so the follower can achieve goals.
The Goal-Path model identifies four leadership behaviors:
Directive leader: lets subordinates know what’s expected of them, schedules work to be done, and gives specific guidance on how to accomplish tasks.
Supportive leader: shows concern for the needs of followers and is friendly.
Participative leader: consults with group members and uses their suggestions before making a decision.
Achievement oriented leader: sets challenging goals and expects followers to perform at their highest level.
According to the Goal-Path Theory, an employee’s performance and satisfaction are likely to be positively influenced when the leader chooses a leadership style that compensates for shortcomings in either the employee or the work setting.
However, if the leader spends time explaining tasks that are already clear or when the employee has the ability and experience to handle them without interference , the employee is likely to see such directive behavior as redundant or even insulting.