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Chapter 2: BASIC PLANNING PROCESS - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 2: BASIC PLANNING
PROCESS
2.1 Basic planning Process
Study preparation
Determination of objectives
Surveys
Analysis
Policy and plan formulation
Recommendation
Implementation
Monitoring and reformation
2.2 Approaches to Tourism Planning
Element of Basic Tourism Planning
1) Continuous, incremental
and flexible.
2) Systems approach
3) Comprehensive approach
4) Integrated approach
5) Environmental & sustainable
development approach
6) Community approach
7) Implementable approach
8) Systematic planning process
Tourism Planning Approach
1) Boosterism
2) Economic, industry oriented
approach
3) Physical/ spatial approach
4) Community oriented approach
2.3 Tourism System
Leiper's Model
Element basic tourism
system
1) Generating Region
2) Transit region or route
3) Destination region
Mill and Morrison's
Hotel
Oriented system
1) Market
2) Travel
3) Destination
4) Marketing
Murphy, Hall and
McArthur's Model
A) Demand Factor
Basic travel motivations
1) Physiological
2) Cultural
3)Social
4) Spiritual
5) Fantasy
B) Supply Factor
1) Tourist attractions
2) Accommodation
3) Other tourist facilities
and services
4) Transportation facilities
and services
5) Other infrastructure
6) Institutional elements
2.3 Tourism Destination Lifestyle
Meaning
A country, state, region
city or town which is marketed
or markets itself as a place for
tourist to visit. (Bierman, 2003:2)
Destination Lifecycle
(Butler, 1980)
1) Stage: Exploration
2) Stage: Involvement
3) Stage: Development
4) Stage: Consolidation
5) Stage: Stagnation
6) Stage: Decline
7) Stage: Rejuvenate