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PHYSICS: Work, Energy and Machines - Coggle Diagram
PHYSICS: Work, Energy and Machines
Work
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When you slide a book, you are doing work against friction. When you lift a book, you are doing work against gravity
Simple machines
Simple machine are force multipliers. They reduce the force it takes to do a job or increase the distance that something moves when you apply a force.
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Levers are force multipliers because when you push down on one end, your hand moves a large distance with a small force. At the end of the lever, the tip moves a small distance but with a larger force
Conservation of energy
If something moves a large distance but with a small force, a simple machine will move an object a smaller distance but with a larger force.
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Sometimes, energy is dissipated. This means that it isn't useful and has been absorbed by surroundings or non-useful things
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Energy stores
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Thermal energy stores: Anything with heat. The hotter or brighter something is, the more thermal energy it has
Gravitational potential energy stores: Anything that is in a gravitational field has gravitational potential energy. The higher something is the more energy it has.
Kinetic potential energy stores: Anything that is moving has kinetic energy. The faster it is moving, the more energy it has
Elastic potential energy stores: Anything that can be stretched or squashed has elastic potential energy
Conduction and Radiation
Conduction is when two objects that are touching transfer energy, such as heat. When using an insulator, you can slow down the rate of the transfer
Radiation is when things send out invisible waves (called radiation). Things which absorb more than they emit warm up and vice versa.