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Unit 9: The Evolution of the Atmosphere - Coggle Diagram
Unit 9: The Evolution of the Atmosphere
Phase 1
Highly active volcanoes
gave out gases (
CH4, N2, NH3, CO2)
First billion years
of earth's history
Present day
78% Nitrogen
21% oxygen
1%> other gases
0.04% CO2
Sun Radiation
Some
short wavelength
infrared radiation gets
trapped and absorbed
in the atmosphrere with the rest reflected out into space.
Longer infrared radiation
is
reflected off
earth and is
absorbed by greenhouse gases
.
Earth
absorbs the reflected radiation
in the atmosphere
Causes
gases to re-radiate
this as
heat energy
and some of this
energy heads back to earth
which
increases the surface temperature
Phase 2
Oceans, Algae and Green plants
absorbed CO2
Water vapour condensed
in the
atmosphere and created oceans
CO2 dissolved and reacted
with the
ocean
causing the
formation of carbonates
Green plants
and
algae absorbed CO2
by
photosynthesis
Marine animals
evolved to have carbonates
as their
shells and skeletons.
When
plants, plankton and marine animals die, they fall to the seabed and get buried by layers of sediment
. Over millions of years, they become
compressed and formed sedimentary rocks such as oil and gas
Phase 3
Green plants and algae
produced
oxygen
Air pollution
Carbon Particulates
(C)
Global dimming
If
inhaled
, can
cause respiratory problems
Carbon Monoxide
(CO)
Asphyxiation
(
absence of oxygen in brain)
Binds to hameoglobin permanently
limiting oxygen binding
Sulphur Dioxide
(SO2)
Gases mix
with
clouds
causing
sulphuric acid
Acid rain kills plants, corrodes metal and damages buildings and
statues
Nitrogen Oxides
(NOx)
Gases mix
with
clouds
forming
nitric acid
Acid rain kills plants
,
corrodes metal and damages buildings and statues
Carbon Footprints
Measure of the amount of CO2
and
other greenhouse gases
released over
full life cycle of something
Ways of
reducing carbon footprint
Renewable energy sources
used instead of
fossil fuels
Taxing heavy carbon footprint companies
Carbon Capture
technology