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Unit 10: Using Resources - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Sand (SiO2)
      - Limestone (CaCO3)
      - Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3)
      - Heated at 1700 degrees celsius
  - - - HD (High Density)
        
        50 degrees celsius
        
        Catalyst
        
        Slight pressure
      - LD (Low Density)
        
        High pressure
        
        Trace of Oxygen
        
        Slight pressure
      - Both made of Ethene
    - - Melts when heated
      - Polymer chains easy to seperate
      - Weak intermolecular forces between chains
      - Can be remoulded
    - - Strong covalent bonds
      - Cross linking polymers
      - Don't melt when heated
      - Strong cross link between chains
  - - - Tough, flexible, waterproof and low density
    - - Made by thin layers of wood which are glued together
      - Very strong
    - - Rock, sand and cement
      - Very strong
    - - Mix of glass and ceramic
      - Hard and rough
- - - - Coat the iron with a barrier to keep out water and oxygen
      - Painting
      - Oiling/Greasing
        
        Has to be used on moving parts e.g bike chains
      - Electroplating
        
        Uses electrolysis to reduce metal+ ions at electrode instead of reacting with water and oxygen
      - Sacrificial methods
        
        A more reactive metal coating the iron such as magnesium or zinc. E.g Galvanising.
        
        The more reactrive metal sacrifices itself as it will react with the H2O and the O2 before the iron.
- - - - Manufacturing products and their packaging uses alot of resources and causes alot of pollution
      - Need to think about how to dispose of packaging
    - - The use of a product can damage the environment
      - How long a product is used for or how many uses it has
    - - Extracting raw materials can damage the local environment
      - Raw materials often need to be processed to extract the desired material which uses alot of energy
    - - Products are often disposed of in landfill sites
      - Energy is used to transport waste to landfill
      - Products might be incinerated, which causes air pollution
- - - - Bacteria that live off energy produced from copper reactions convert copper compounds into copper. The leachate contains copper ions which can be extracted by electrolysis or displaced by scrap iron.
    - - Growing plants in soil with low grade ore. Plants uptake the copper. Plants do not use or get rid of copper. The plants are then harvested, dried and burned in a furnace. Ash contains soluble copper compounds where they can be extracted by electrolysis or be displaced by scrap iron.