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Objectivity in Decision-making: The process by which we discover truth…

- - - - Socrates: In search of the Forms
        
        Also, disparager of sophists, those rhetoricians who are only interested in winning an argument (Gaukroger, p. 16).
      - Plato: Just looking for wisdom
        
        The purpose of education is to instill virtue in rulers to help them make good decisions (Gaukroger, p. 16).
        
        Knowledge is justified true belief (Gaukroger, p. 7).
    - - Karl Popper: the aim of scientific inquiry is not to try to and confirm or verify one's theories, but to try to falsify them (Gaukroger, p. 17).
        
        "Fighting his natural inclinations, the scientist must himself try to show the theories he has nurtured to be false. In compensation, he attains to a form of intellectual morality of a profound kind to which no one can reasonably aspire: the scientist becomes the only truly intellectually honest person, for only the scientist is so concerned for truth that he attempts to show that his own theories are false," (Gaukroger, p. 18)
  - - - "Galileo's response is to reinterpret the evidence, arguing that what the observation shows is not the falsity of the hypothesis Earth moves, but the falsity of an implicit auxiliary hypothesis which his opponents hold: namely that the path of the falling body is not affected by whether it is initially in motion or stationary," (Gaukroger, p. 21).
    - - Utilized a solar eclipse to prove Einstein's Theory of General Relativity, where he predicted that the Sun would deflect a ray of light by 1.75 seconds of an arc (Gaukroger, p. 22).
        
        "On the basis of the photographs he was able to take, he announced that the Sun had caused a deflection of 1.61 minutes of an arc, compared with photographs taken when the Sun was not present," (Gaukroger, p. 22).
  - - - English GPs success in scheduling 99.89% of appointments within 48 hours, but only by refusing to book any appointments more than 48 hours ahead! (Gaukroger, p. 75).
        
        "The reduction of things to raw numbers has affinities with the view that the most objective observations are those which have been stripped of all judgments and laid bare," (Gaukroger, p. 74).
- - - - Perceiving the world as "phenomenal (as it is structured by our minds) and not as it is in itself (as in its unstructured form)," (Gaukroger, p. 43).
  - - - Shared language leads to similar conceptual understanding.
        
        The Hopi tribe "treated time as a continuous flow, and had no words for discrete intervals like days of the week, or hours of the day," (Gaukroger, p. 44).
  - - - "Perception was always relative to the observer, the conditions under which the observation was made, and the state the object was in when it was perceived," (Gaukroger, p. 33).
        
        The difference in eye curvature between humans and vultures means we are not perceiving the field mouse the same way, but that does not change the fact that we both are looking at a field mouse.