rome
meditteranean
trading, networks
cattle herding, pastoralism
founding
Romulus, Remus sent out by uncle as babies, found by she-wolf and were raised. shepherd found them and were raised by them. went back and overthrew uncle and became leaders
built walls and started to not get along. remus makes fun of romulus' wall. romulus kills remus. fratricide
etruscans
non latin speaking civilization. northern italy. kind of dominate group in italy
rome had kings (more like warlords)
monarch vs. elites/aristocrats
509 BC: aristocrats come together and got rid of kings
(perceived) socio-economic inequality
two orders
patricians and plebeians. tense but never violent
law
was orally given
statutory law not common law(precedents and stuff)
4something BC they wrote down laws for the first time
government
republic
punic wars
phoenician
between rome and carthage
carthage: hannibal w/ elephants and army with mercenaries
sencond punic war: spent several years burning pillaging most of italy counteyside but they never conquered rome.
italy tooka an economic blow that it did not recover for several years.
between second and third war
run by senate. wealthy senators become more powerful
very modern; propaganda, jingoism
Carthago delendum est!: carthage is to be destroyed(deleted)
third punic war
sent army across mediterranean (no hannibal)
burned carthage to the ground and salted the soil so nothing would grow. enslaved carthaginians
if ally of carthage rome would conquer them too. becoming empire without emperor
millions of slaves coming from all over mediterranean
while army gone, senators conquererd small farms and consilidated farms into estates (plantation) and put the enslaved pow to work on it. kicked the soldiers families off farm. never gave land back to farm
modern: veterns in history and modern history are not treated well.
soldiers go to rome because no place to go
slaves put to do extremely hard work
90-80-70 BC start to get slave uprising (spartacus)
optimates vs. populares
populares for the people and want to help them out. but they used the mob and manipulated them for their own political gain
militart coup , military takeover