What are the differences between the IR system before and after independence.
Origins of Industrial
1920's
Emergence of trade union and the developing of tin mines and estates
Industrial relations in Malaysia largely affected by the British administration and immigrant workers
the immigrants were specialized on certain sectors, fo example Indian workers works in rubber estates and sugar estates while China workers work as tin miners.
in return, they will be provided with foods and wages
1930's
new union was formed, strikes among workers and no legislations on trade union activity
establishment of Chinese Workers Guild
resembling the feature ofTrade Union
1923-1927
the cooperation between comunist and nasionalism party
leaders chosen among comunist
In 37', strike occured among chinese workers on a British owned state.
Strikes spread almost the whole peninsular and into cooliery supplied to tin mines
main reason is to demand the increase in wage and operate trade unions legally
1940's
Workers demand for expert law and first law was on 40's but not enforced due to Japanese invasion
late 1930's most organizations for workers comes to existence and function as societies but the Trade Union Enactment 1940 was delayed due to Japanese invasion
1945, dozens of trade unions and association was formed by employers
e.x, Communist Controlled General Labour Union (GLU) function in all both trades and industries
Trade union Enactment come into existence in July 1946
1946
Trade Union Advisor Department and appoint the registrar of the union was set up by the government
government introduced Trade Union Enactment and 3 Clauses
Importance of
3 clauses:
1)Trade union must be registered
2) Formation of trade union must be made in the same industry
3) Unions must have been working at least 3 Years in the industry
Impact of T.U enactment
1) Reduce communist party's involvements
2) restrict the size of trade union
3) Reducenpower and control the movement of Trade Union
100++ unions were de registered and disbanded
Impact
The System of Malaysian Industrial Relations
1965
1) the system influenced by the British system
Intervention only happend to provide legal frame-work
Industrial harmony based on the concept of self goverment within industry
disputes settled by their own efforts with minimal State intervention
in accordance with Trade DisutesOrdinance 1949 and Industrial Courts Ordinance 1948
September 1965
The Essential Regulations was publicly introduced
To avoid disruption when Trade Disputes in certain services happend
Once the minister had intervened, there is no lock-out could be declared
parties to disputes are final and legally binding once get the award of Tribunal
What are the differences between the IR system in the public and private sectors.
public sectors
private sectors
The private sector employs workers through individual business owners, corporations or other non-government agencies. Jobs include those in manufacturing, financial services, professions, hospitality, or other non-government positions.
Workers are paid with part of the company’s profits. Private sector workers tend to have more pay increases, more career choices, greater opportunities for promotions, less job security, and less comprehensive benefit plans than public sector workers.
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The public sector employs workers through the federal, state or local government. Typical civil service jobs are in healthcare, teaching, emergency services, armed forces, and various regulatory and administrative agencies.
Workers are paid through a portion of the government’s tax dollars. Public sector workers tend to have more comprehensive benefit plans and more job security than private sector workers; once a probationary period concludes, many government positions become permanent appointments.