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Muscle Concept Map, Type of muscle:, Surrounded by:, Made up of:, have…

- - - - Sacromere
        
        Myosin
        
        A protein that converts chemical energy in the form of ATP to mechanical energy, thus generating force and movement
        
        ATP
        
        the source of energy for use and
        storage at the cellular level.
        
        the N-terminal extremity of the catalytic domain, where there is a glycine-rich stretch of residues in the vicinity of a lysine residue. It is this lysine residue that has been shown to be involved in ATP binding.
        
        Myosin and Actin create the structure for the sacromere:
        
        I band
        
        The component of the sarcomere that appears lighter because it contains only thin filaments. Allow more light to pass through them
        
        M line
        
        These proteins are thought to be involved in anchoring the thick filaments of the sarcomere (myosin) to other filaments, namely titin, stabilizing and aligning the structure.
        
        H zone
        
        in the H zone, the filaments consist only of the thick filament. The H zone becomes smaller as the muscle contracts and the sarcomere shortens.
        
        A Band
        
        Dark region of striation, which contains thick filaments. Includes the H zone which is slightly darker than the rest of the A band
        
        Sacromere:
        
        the basic contractile unit of muscle fiber. Each sarcomere is composed of two main protein filaments—actin and myosin—which are the active structures responsible for muscular contraction.
        
        Each sarcomere is composed of two main protein filaments—actin and myosin—which are the active structures responsible for muscular contraction
        
        Actin
        
        Muscle contraction, cell motility, cell division and cytokinesis, vesicle and organelle movement, cell signaling, and the establishment and maintenance of cell junctions and cell shape
        
        Nebulin
        
        An actin-binding protein which can bind up to 200 actin molecules.
      - They help to control the physical forces within the body. When grouped together, they can facilitate organized movement of your limbs and tissues
      - Muscle Fascicle
        
        Determine what type of movement a muscle can make
        
        Permysium
        
        Perimysium is a sheath of connective tissue that groups muscle fibers into bundles (anywhere between 10 and 100 or more) or fascicles.
      - Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
        
        a regulator of Ca2+ storage and release homeostasis during and after muscle contraction
      - endomysium
        
        the key element that separates single muscle fibres from one another. It allows their autonomous gliding during muscle contraction.
      - dystrophine
        
        dystrophin is part of a group of proteins (a protein complex) that work together to strengthen muscle fibers and protect them from injury as muscles contract and relax.
    - - Myofilaments
        
        Myofilaments are key molecular regulators of the contraction. Indeed, thick-thin filament interactions (via the formation of myosin cross-bridges) lead to force production and motion
      - The function of the myofibril is to perform muscle contraction via the sliding-filament model.
    - - Sacrolemma
        
        It acts as a barrier between the extracellular and intracellular compartments, defining the individual muscle fiber from its surroundings
        
        T-Tubules
        
        Their role is to maintain the SR calcium store under the tight control of membrane depolarization via the voltage sensor channel DHPR
      - the cytoplasm of a muscle fibre. It is a water solution containing ATP and phosphagens, as well as the enzymes and intermediate and product molecules involved in many metabolic reactions.
  - - - a protein involved in skeletal muscle contraction and that wraps around actin and prevents myosin from grabbing it.
    - - a calcium-regulatory protein for the calcium regulation of contractile function in skeletal and cardiac muscles