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Economia Circular e Limpa (Circular and Clean Economy), necessidade de…
Economia Circular e Limpa
(Circular and Clean Economy)
social
Pensar antes de Agir (Think Before You Act)
Criação de Empregos (Job Creation)
ambiental
Ciclo de Vida infinito de um Produto (Infinite Product Life Cycle)
Oferecer ao consumidores a escolha de produtos reutilizáveis, duradouros e reparáveis (Offer consumers a choice of reusable, long-lasting and repairable products)
Dar informações viáveis, para o consumidor tomar decisões mais sustentáveis e reduzir o risco de "branqueamento ecológico" (Provide viable information for the consumer to make more sustainable decisions and reduce the risk of "Green washing")
Gestão de Recursos (Resource Management)
Gestão Simplificada de Resíduos Cidadãos (Simplified Citizen Waste Management)
Aliança Circular dos Plásticos (Circular Plastic Alliance)
Proibição de Resíduos para Países de 3º Mundo (Prohibition of Waste for Third World Countries)
economico
Divisão de Grande Empresas (Division of Large Companies)
Controle de Desperdícios (Waste Control)
têxtil / plástico / construção / eletrónica / cimenteiras / energia / indústria quìmica (Textile / Plastic / Construction / Electronics / Cement Plants / Energy / Chemical Industry)
necessidade de novidades (need for new things)
https://hbr.org/2017/03/our-brains-love-new-stuff-and-its-killing-the-planet
produtos com um ciclos de vida curto
Obsolescência programada
https://artplusmarketing.com/planned-obsolescence-the-case-for-designing-services-with-limited-shelf-life-346dcd02421a
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SuTcavAzopg&feature=youtu.be
Após 18 meses, Casey Neistat deu conta de que a bateria do iPod tinha apenas a vida útil de 18 meses e quando confrontada com isso, a Apple respondeu que era assim mesmo e que teria de adquirir um novo.
Raíz do Problema
Core Problem
Ciclo de Vida Linear
Sintomas Diretos(Direct Symptoms)
Sintomas Subjacentes (Underlying Symptoms)
Factores Contribuintes (Contributing Factors)
ignorância (ignorance)
ignorância (optativa) de factos (deliberate ignorance)
"A Unilever estima que quase 70% da pegada de gases de efeito estufa depende de quais produtos os clientes escolhem e se os usam e descartam de maneira sustentável."
(
https://hbr.org/2019/07/the-elusive-green-consumer
)
Má Comunicação (Bad comunication)
quer ter um produto diferente de todos (Diferent products)
factores sociais (Social Fatores)
individualidade
Oniomania/ Compra sem necessidade (People buying things they don't need)
https://www.abc.med.br/p/psicologia-e-psiquiatria/1320818/mania+de+comprar+mesmo+sem+ter+necessidade+de+usar+o+que+comprou+pode+ser+oniomania.htm
Causas Diretas(Direct Causes)
Causas Subjacentes (Underlying Causes)
Factores Contribuintes (Contributing Factors)
factores económicos (poor people)
"Recrutas gerentes com a mentalidade certa, para começar, reiniciar os sistemas de valores internos e recompensar os gerentes por mudar comportamentos e alcançar novos objetivos de sustentabilidade a longo prazo.
(
https://www.imd.org/research-knowledge/articles/whats-stopping-your-sustainability-schemes/
)
Modos de deposição de lixo/ resíduos (Ways of disposal)
“Because we’re not seeing it, we think it’s not a problem,”..."The threat of waste to the environment, health and safety is huge. And so are the financial and social ramifications, waste experts say."
Simmons, A (2016), 'The world’s trash crisis, and why many Americans are oblivious',
Los Angeles Times
, 22 April,
https://www.latimes.com/world/global-development/la-fg-global-trash-20160422-20160421-snap-htmlstory.html
.
preços mais baixos em certos materiais mais "fracos" (Weaker materials are cheaper)
Depending on the type of plastic, a kilo of virgin raw material costs pennies and its much cheaper to produce new products than recycling old ones
http://blog.sinplastico.com/en/the-true-cost-of-plastic-it-starts-cheap-ends-up-costing-the-earth/
mais fácil comprar do que arranjar (Easier to buy than fix)
exploração de terrenos excessiva
https://super.abril.com.br/mundo-estranho/a-exploracao-de-minerios-traz-algum-prejuizo-ao-planeta/
Consumismo (Consumption)
https://www.pordata.pt/Portugal/Consumo+final+das+fam%c3%adlias+no+territ%c3%b3rio+econ%c3%b3mico+total+e+por+tipo+de+bens+e+servi%c3%a7os+(base+2016)-2416
Rede Corporativa (Corporate greed)
"Where the rich are given power, there cannot be change that could potentially hurt them, however beneficial it may be."
Mackiewicz, G (2018), 'Corporate Greed is Destroying the Earth',
The Maroon & Gray
, 4 December
https://maroonandgray.nutleyschools.org/corporate-greed-destroying-earth
.
Bribery/Lobbying
"Lobbyists try to shape laws, legislation, and public policy to the benefit of the group or entity that employs them. In contrast, a bribe usually occurs on an individual level. And it is anything but public. A bribe giver usually gives an offer of money "under the table" in order to subvert standard processes."
Segal, T (2018), 'Bribery vs. Lobbying: What's the Difference?',
Investopedia
, 18 February,
https://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0912/the-differences-between-bribery-and-lobbying.aspx
.
"Grand corruption—in which laws and regulations themselves are shaped by corrupt actors who benefit from them—can have grave consequences for environmental protection."
Landau, K & Glandord J (2020), 'Corruption is a threat to planet Earth',
Brookings
, 5 June,
https://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0912/the-differences-between-bribery-and-lobbying.aspx
.
Residues (Garbage Industry)
Exploração maciça de matérias primas
"Todos os anos extraímos quase 90 bilhões de toneladas de biomassa, energia fóssil, metais e minerais da Terra - mais de 11 toneladas para cada pessoa no planeta. Sendo no ocidente, o número é muito maior."
(
https://www.theworldcounts.com/challenges/planet-earth/state-of-the-planet/resources-extracted-from-earth/story
)
Factories negatively impact the environment through air pollutant emissions, toxic waste disposal and water contamination. Besides, they're also the major offenders when it comes to greenhouse gas contributions. Factories alone are responsible for nearly two-thirds of the emissions to blame for global climate change.
https://greentumble.com/environmental-impacts-of-factories-and-how-they-can-improve/
Processos de Fabrico (Production processes)
Prioridades
"Green Deal"
Efeito Diderot - O Efeito Diderot consiste num efeito espiral de consumismo, isto é quando compra determinado item que, por sua vez, leva a que faça outras compras por impulsos. (
https://www.doutorfinancas.pt/literacia-financeira/efeito-diderot-o-que-e-e-como-funciona/
)
The indicator measures the share of recycled municipal waste in the total municipal waste generation.
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/cei_wm011/settings_1/line?lang=en
às vezes é mais barato comprar do que arranjar