Unit 2.1 Earthquakes
Happens when tension is released from inside the earth crust.
Reducing future impacts
Where and Why?
Hazards
MEDCs
LEDCs: appropriate technology
3 Ps
predict: check for warning signs and see when a earthquake or volcano eruption will happen
protect: check if buildings are so powerful to withstand an disaster.
plan and prepare: do practice in schools and workplace for the people to know what happens when there is a disaster.
it is easier to rebuild cities and town as more money
and they can get better technology to help if there is another disaster
less money so it isnt as easy to rebuild and harder to get technology
where? on destructive and conservative plate boundaries
why? when one plate tries to go beneath another boundary it is stopped by a resistance but when the resistance stops the pressure and this creates seismic waves.
destructive (continental and oceanic plate can cause earthquakes tsunamis and volcanoes
constructive plates can create volcanoes
conservative can create earthquakes
the effect of Haiti 2010 earthquake
secondary effect
responses
Haiti
short term
long term
primary effect
220,000 people killed
300,000 people injured
main port was badly damaged
eight hospitals collapsed
100,000 houses destroyed and 200,000 damaged
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2 million people were left without food and water
frequent power cuts
crime increased
people moved into temporary shelters
outbreaks of cholera
aid was slow to arrive due to damaged port
USA sent 10,000 troops to help
bottle of water and purification tablets were given out
235,000 people were moved to less damaged places
UK government donated £20 million
country was dependant on overseas aid
new homes were built to a higher standard but the response was slow and still millions of people lived in shelters
port needed rebuilding which required a lot of investment.
1.3 million people became homeless
keywords
focus: it is where the pressure of the earthquake is released to cause an earthquake
epicentre: the point above the focus on the earths surface where the first seismic waves are felt
seismic waves: it is the waves that are produced by the earth during an earthquake which is traveling through the rock
richter scale: it is how the magnitude of the earthquake is measured