FALSIFICATION OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURES

1925 H. Fricke

1935 Davson and Danielli

1943 F S Sjöstrand

1961 Danielle, Davson &
Robertson

Frye and Edidin in 1970

Singer and
Nicolson in 1972

Hubbell and McConnell 1968

Since 1974 there have been
many studies on the function
of membrane

Revised the the mebrane model
to include hydrophilic protein pores.

No real evidence

Decided to measure the capacity of blood for calculating the thickness of the membrane

Red blood cells is a single molecular layer of 3.3 nm

suggested Cell surface membrane was not rigid, but liquid

Lipid bilayer was coated with a layer of protein each side

Supported by measurements of membrane capacitance

theory was confirmed

Developed a way to cut stain membranes with heavy metals

Cell membranes have a very similar structure in every cell

Cell surface membrane isn't rigid but, allows free diffusion

Refined freeze-etching technique on membranes

Proteins found in the membrane

There are large particles within the lipid layer of the membrane

Fluid mosaic model

Reasoning using thermodynamichs

Mosaic structure of alternating globular proteins and phospholipid bilayer

Functions such as proteins pumps and protein channels have been discovered