FALSIFICATION OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURES
1925 H. Fricke
1935 Davson and Danielli
1943 F S Sjöstrand
1961 Danielle, Davson &
Robertson
Frye and Edidin in 1970
Singer and
Nicolson in 1972
Hubbell and McConnell 1968
Since 1974 there have been
many studies on the function
of membrane
Revised the the mebrane model
to include hydrophilic protein pores.
No real evidence
Decided to measure the capacity of blood for calculating the thickness of the membrane
Red blood cells is a single molecular layer of 3.3 nm
suggested Cell surface membrane was not rigid, but liquid
Lipid bilayer was coated with a layer of protein each side
Supported by measurements of membrane capacitance
theory was confirmed
Developed a way to cut stain membranes with heavy metals
Cell membranes have a very similar structure in every cell
Cell surface membrane isn't rigid but, allows free diffusion
Refined freeze-etching technique on membranes
Proteins found in the membrane
There are large particles within the lipid layer of the membrane
Fluid mosaic model
Reasoning using thermodynamichs
Mosaic structure of alternating globular proteins and phospholipid bilayer
Functions such as proteins pumps and protein channels have been discovered