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Learning Theories - Coggle Diagram
Learning Theories
Constructivism
View of learning
Learning is a social activity, in which it is something we do together. Integration of students into a knowledge community. Collaborative assimilation and accommodation of new information.
Scholar / Expert
Vygotsky's theory states that knowledge is co-constructed and that individuals learn from one another. It is called a social constructivist theory because in Vygotsky's opinion the learner must be engaged in the learning process. A fundamental aspect of Vygotsky's theory is the Zone of Proximal Development. Bruner also stated that learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current / past knowledge.
View of knowledge
Knowledge is actively constructed by the learner or and they are inly one to make their own knowledge and that reality is determined by the experiences of the learner.
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Cognitivism
Scholar / Expert
One of the major players in the development of cognitivism is Jean Piaget. He believe knowledge is something that is actively constructed by learner based on their existing cognitive structure.
View of learning
Active assimilation and accommodation of new information to existing cognitive structures. Discovery by learners is emphasized. Learning results when information is stored in memory in an organized, meaningful manner.
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View of knowledge
Knowledge systems of cognitive structures are actively constructed by learners based on pre-existing cognitive structures. The theory is based on the idea that human process the information they receive, rather than barely respond to the stimuli.
Behaviourism
View of learning
Passive absorption of a predefined body of knowledge by the learner. An effective reinforcement schedule are given such as repetition and continuous positive reinforcement. Without these, learned responses will quickly become extinct.
Scholar / Expert
The theory originates from the works of Ivan Pavlov's, classical conditioning and B.F.Skinner's, operant conditioning.
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